Citrus fruits are known to contribute towards health considering their nutritional composition as well as bioactive ingredients. Although utilized at the industrial level, household-level consumption of citrus peel is not a common concept. The current study was conducted to compare the composition of different citrus fruits as well as to compare their peels and pulps composition. Three samples of citrus fruits (oranges (Citrus Sinensis) [sample O], lemons (Citrus Limons) [sample L], and grapefruits (Citrus Paradisi) [sample G]) were selected. Two variables; type of fruit with three categories (O vs L vs G) and part of the fruit with two categories (peel vs pulp) were studied. Proximate contents (AOAC methods), antioxidant activity (modified DPPH bleaching), Ferrous ion chelating activity, and total phenol content (Folin- Ciocalteu method) were determined for each sample. Oneway ANOVA and post hoc analysis was run to note down differences among various samples. Except for moisture and fat, all other proximate components showed significantly higher amounts in peels compared with pulp. Fiber and ash contents were significantly higher in peels compared with pulps for all three fruits with a mean difference of L=10.1g, O= 9.29g, G= 10.19g for fiber and L= 0.18g, O=0.37g, G=0.10g for ash. Protein and carbohydrate were found in higher quantity in peels of Samples O and L (mean difference L=0.38g, O=0.15g for protein and L=8.1g, O=13.86g) while significantly lower in the peel of sample G (mean difference protein=1.14g, carbohydrate=0.98g). Antioxidant capacity, total phenolic content and chelating activity were found to be significantly higher in peels of L, O, and G though these contents were not significantly correlated (p>0.05) to one another. The findings of this study show that citrus fruits are a rich source of nutrients as well as phytochemicals. The peels of citrus fruits can serve as better sources of antioxidants, phenolic content, chelating properties, and some nutrients than their pulps. This study provides evidence for the benefits of utilizing peels at the household level while reducing food waste.
Background
Bowel necrosis is a commonly observed condition in elderly patients with longstanding diabetes. In such condition, intestinal resection is usually performed for the removal of the gangrenous part. Post-surgical dietary management after bowel resection poses several challenges for the health care team.
Case presentation
The case presented in this study is that of an elderly diabetic male who developed acute renal failure as a result of neglect in post-surgical feeding after intestinal resection. After the intervention by a trained dietitian, a transitional diet was planned and successfully executed, resulting in reversal of acute renal failure, dehydration, and post-surgical stress. Several complications including hepatic dysfunction and mouth ulcers were resolved through well-planned transitional diet. The patient was finally discharged in a stable health condition and was regularly followed up for any nutritional or medical issues.
Conclusion
Neglects in nutritional care of patients can have severe implications including development of medical complications, resulting in increased length of hospital stay, augmenting the disease stress of the patient and family, and finally the preventable drainage of several human and monetary resources. Therefore, recognition of nutritional intervention as an important part of in-hospital health care may have social as well as economic impacts.
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