In this paper, a method using higher order statistical moments of EEG signals calculated in the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) domain is proposed for detecting seizure and epilepsy. The appropriateness of these moments in distinguishing the EEG signals is investigated through an extensive analysis in the EMD domain. An artificial neural network is employed as the classifier of the EEG signals wherein these moments are used as features. The performance of the proposed method is studied using a publicly available benchmark database for various classification cases that include healthy, interictal (seizure-free interval) and ictal (seizure), healthy and seizure, nonseizure and seizure, and interictal and ictal, and compared with that of several recent methods based on time-frequency analysis and statistical moments. It is shown that the proposed method can provide, in almost all the cases, 100% accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity, especially in the case of discriminating seizure activities from the nonseizure ones for patients with epilepsy while being much faster as compared to the time-frequency analysis-based techniques.
Large-scale integration of rooftop solar power generation is transforming traditionally passive power distribution systems into active ones. High penetration of such devices creates new dynamics for which the current power distribution systems are inadequate. The changing paradigm of power distribution system requires it to be operated as cyber-physical system. A goal-based holonic multiagent system (HMAS) is presented in this paper to achieve this objective. This paper provides details on design of the HMAS for operation of power distribution systems. Various operating modes and associated goals are discussed. Finally, the role of HMAS is demonstrated for two applications in distribution systems. The first one is associated with control of reactive power at solar photovoltaic installations at individual homes for optimal operation of the system. The second deals with the state estimation of the system leveraging different measurements available from smart meters at homes.Index Terms-Cyber-physical system (CPS), multiagent system (MAS), optimization, power distribution system, smart grid, solar power, state estimation.
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