Aspect-oriented programming is an emerging programming paradigm that stretches during the development phases in different domains. Many researchers have focused on the use of this paradigm in web service composition in different research axis. However, none of them use together aspectoriented programming and design by contract to deal with the adaptation of the parameters in the web service composition process. This paper proposes a web service composition algorithm based on the planning graph using both Aspectoriented programming and design by contract concept. The aspect-oriented Programming approach provides explicit support for separation of crosscutting concerns in web services composition whereas the design by contract approach allows the processing of parameters execution in precondition and postcondition mode by using contracts in order to ensure correct service execution with adaptation to external parameters without touching in properties which can be dealt with reconstruction of the composite service. Future development of this planning graph will include the introduction of the dynamic way of aspect oriented programming and add comparison results.
A wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of spatially distributed micro-sensors capable of harvesting and transmitting environmental data in an autonomous manner for monitoring physical or environmental conditions. The data captured by the nodes are routed via multi-hop routing to a node called a collection point. For many sensor network applications, the most important features are the network's lifetime, scalability, and equilibrium. Clustering techniques are an effective solution for achieving these objectives. As an alternative technique, chains can be built instead of clusters. In this article, we present a new routing protocol for wireless sensor networks, called "enhanced protocol based on chains and optimized clustering" (EPCOC). The new protocol combines the advantages of the K-means algorithm with MapReduce and a number of WSN technologies such as LEACH, PEGASIS, LEACH-C, and K-LEACH. This approach organizes the network nodes into an optimized cluster of chains by applying both the clustering approach and the chains approach. An analysis of EPCOC's performance shows that it extended the network lifetime 40% to 50% over that of LEACH, 30% to 35% over that of LEACH-C, and 15% to 22% over that of PEGASIS. Furthermore, EPCOC achieved marked improvements over those protocols in terms of energy efficiency and latency.
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