Objective: This study performed a literature review evaluating aspects of prevalence and motivations on the non-medical use of methylphenidate by medical students. Methods: We searched the Scopus, PubMed, SciELO, and Web of Science databases and the Google Scholar search tool using the keywords "Methylphenidate" and "Medical Student" and their correlates in Portuguese. A total of 472 articles were recovered, of which 24 were included for full reading and discussion after the application of the pre-established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: It was observed that the prevalence of non-prescribed use of methylphenidate ranged from 0.51% in Lithuania to 35% in Colombia. The main motivations reported for using the drug were academic outcomes improvement and increase in concentration during studies, although research shows no significant improvement in academic performance with the use of medication by healthy individuals. Conclusion: The non-prescribed use of methylphenidate presents a high and worrying frequency. Also, scientific studies questioning the use of psychostimulant medications for cognitive improvement by healthy students make the practice illegal and unfounded.
A Educação Alimentar e Nutricional é considerada como uma ferramenta imprescindível para o controle glicêmico em diabéticos tipo 2. O estudo objetivou avaliar se as intervenções de educação nutricional melhoram o controle glicêmico em portadores de Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2. Realizou-se a busca para seleção dos estudos nos bancos de dados: Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Portal da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health- (Pubmed), e Cochrane Library. Foram identificados 5.437 estudos nas bases, após a seleção foram elegidos 6 estudos para a revisão sistemática. As intervenções nutricionais melhoram significativamente o controle glicêmico em pacientes de meia idade com diabetes tipo 2. Cinco estudos mostram resultados positivos na melhora do controle glicêmico e um estudo não apresentou melhora significativa nos níveis glicêmicos comparado ao grupo controle. A partir desses resultados, a maioria dos estudos demonstrou que os programas de educação nutricional melhoram o nível de conhecimento nutricional e aumentam a adesão às práticas de alimentação saudável em grupos de diabéticos tipo 2 e melhoram significativamente o controle glicêmico.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.