Smart farming is a trend in agriculture that involves incorporating information and communication technologies (ICT) into the production process. The study aims to get the factors that contribute to the current exposure to smart farming implementation on farmers from farmers’ perspectives in Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia. The study includes the determination of correlation between factors and exposure implementation of smart farming. About 116 farmers have been selected from the population to conduct the questionnaire. The results were obtained by analysing using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) software. It has been found that personal factors contribute the most to the exposure of smart farming implementation. A significant correlation between personal and environmental factors also has been discovered. Contrary, the security factors have no significant correlation with the exposure of smart farming implementation. Overall, the findings indicated that the implementation of smart farming exposure among farmers is emerging progressively.
Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is a major concern of oil palm mill because it contributes to numerous pollution such as soil, water and air pollution. In order to maintain a clean environment for a sustainable agricultural system in oil palm plantation, the quality of POME and its level must be monitored to ensure that the requirement set by the country is met. Hence, this paper is written based on the data of POME final discharge into waterways taken from Malaysian Department of Environment in four regions of Perak, Malaysia. The data is compared between regions and relatively different levels of discharge have been produced. Some of the mills produce final POME wastewater above the limit that has been set. The remaining mills discharge the wastewater below the maximum allowed level. This is an indicator that each mill has its own Standard of Procedures in treating POME before being discharged into waterways. It is suggested that the mills take a proactive approach to treat POME beyond the ponding system. POME can be physically processed to produce biofertilizer and biocompost for organic farming. The mills apply phytoremediation techniques in treating POME to reduce the unwanted variables that can affect the sustainability of our environment.
Paddy is an essential plant in Malaysia that is at risk of being lost during harvesting. This study was investigated the grain loss of the paddy during harvesting process by using combine harvester. The research was conducted at Felcra Seberang Perak, Malaysia. The data collection attempted to investigate the percentage of grain losses during harvesting season. The collected data contain of area (acre/hectare) for three blocks of paddy for three lines. It was done with two blocks, which involve a three line and a require five PVC measuring pipe for each panel. The New Holland with the same brand was determining the speed which affects the losses grain with two blocks. According to the results, the average percentage of grain losses in the Block 1 was 1.08% and Block 2 was 1.21%. The percentage of the grain losses in the Block 1 was higher than Block 2 which contribute to the loss of USD29.26 per hectrare. These results show that the farmers loss a lot during harvesting operation which leads to lower the profit.
Sandy soils properties with low nutrients availability and high porosity could be improved with the combination application of biochar-compost to increase the plant productivity. The objective of this study was to examine the impacts of different rates compost-biochar addition on sandy-loam soil properties and cabbage (Brassica chinensis L. var. parachinesis) growth performance. The oil palm empty fruit bunch biochar was pyrolyzed at temperature ranging between 450 to 500°C. Different rates of biochar-compost combination of 0 until 20 t/ha-1 were arranged in a randomized block design in the greenhouse. The cabbage was planted in the arranged polybag and plant growth parameter (leaf number, plant height and chlorophyll content) were measured. The incorporation of 10 and 20 t ha-1 biochar-compost with soil were showed significant increased in soil pH when compared to the non-amended soil. The application of highest rate which is 20 t ha-1 biochar-compost increased the soil exchangeable bases. Positive effects of biochar-compost addition also were found on plant height and dry weigh biomass at all application rates. The study showed that the application of biochar-compost has the potential to improve soil chemical properties and plant productivity.
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