Sodium-alginate (SA) based nanofluids represent a new generation of fluids with improved performances in terms of heat transfer. This work examines the influence of the nanoparticle shape on a non-Newtonian viscoplastic Cu-nanofluid pertaining to this category. In particular, a stretching/shrinking sheet subjected to a transverse magnetic field is considered. The proposed Cu-nanofluid consists of four different nanoparticles having different shapes, namely bricks, cylinders, platelets, and blades dispersed in a mixture of sodium alginate with Prandtl number Pr = 6.45. Suitable similarity transformations are employed to reduce non-linear PDEs into a system of ODEs and these equations and related boundary conditions are solved numerically by means of a Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg (RKF) method. Moreover, analytical solutions are obtained through the application of a MAPLE built-in differential equation solver (Dsolve). The behavior of prominent parameters against velocity and temperature is analyzed. It is found that the temperature increases for all shapes of nanoparticles with the viscoplastic parameter and the Eckert number.
The trauma related to death is always an intense emotional and psychological experience that tend to shake the stability of life. Through Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), this study explored the experience and expression of trauma related to the death of a close family member in women. A sample of 5 women of age ranging from 22 to 30 years were targeted and information was collected through a semi-structured interview. The superordinate themes emerged as Socio-emotional responses to trauma, and sub-ordinated themes were Stigmatization, Resistance, Emotional Difficulties, Unstable Relationships, Fear of Being Exploited, Economic Difficulties and Social Withdrawal. This study helps to understand reactions to death in the cultural context of trauma counseling and early intervention services.
The current study aimed to find out the mediating role of anxious self-esteem and self-appraisal of trauma in the relationship of neuroticism and psycho-social stressors of trauma in a sample of 213 (men =31%, women = 68%) between the ages of 18 to 26 (M = 20.78, SD = 2.46). Participants were selected by using a purposive sampling strategy studying in private and government universities of Lahore, Pakistan. Neuroticism vs. Emotional Stability Scale (John et al., 1991), Anxious/ Withdrawn Self-esteem Scale for University Population (Zafar et al., 2012), Psychosocial Stressors of Trauma scale (PSST) (Rani et al., 2021), and Self-Appraisal Scale (Rani et al., 2021) were used to assess the neuroticism vs. emotional stability, anxious self-esteem, self-appraisal of trauma and psycho-social stressors of trauma in university students. Findings of correlation analysis depicted the interrelatedness of neuroticism, anxious self-esteem, self-appraisal of trauma, and psycho-social stressors. Mediation analysis suggested the serial mediating role of anxious self-esteem and self-appraisal of trauma in the association of neuroticism vs. emotional stability and PSST in university students. These findings might be used to overcome the adverse outcomes of trauma in University students.
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