Epilepsy which is also called seizures disorder is an uncontrolled action of the central nervous system. Itis not a single disease but a set of neurological disorders. Actually in this situation, the brain does notreceive a precise signal and as a result an abnormal condition is produced that is usually involuntary inaction. In this review, we aimed to focus on the relationship of anti-epileptic drugs with sexual dysfunctionand adaptation of better remedies that improve a patient’s family life. Sexual dysfunction is a commoncomorbidity in people with epilepsy which badly affects their quality of life. Sexual dysfunction is causedby different factors like psychiatric problems, anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) and social factors etc. Sexualdysfunctions include ejaculatory failure, lessen libido, penile erection in men and irregular menstrual cyclein women. Common drugs such as Topiramate, Gabapentin (GBP), Valproate (VA), Carbamazepine (CBZ),Olanzapine (OL) and Risperidone (RTG) that are in practice to treat epilepsy usually produced adverseeffect on sexual dysfunction. Even though a lot of studies have been carried out to control sexualdysfunction in epilepsy’s patient, but still research is going on. Medicine such as Cyproheptadine,Mianserin, Buspirone, Yohimbine were found better to treat epilepsy with minimum side effects of sexualdysfunction. Moreover, it is also seen that certain vasodilators, folate , and vitamin supplements areeffective in improving the quality of life.
Authors' Contributions SE conceived and designed the experiments. MÇ performed the experiments and analyzed the data. AA wrote the paper.
Psychological morbidity is emerging as an important issue for medical students after entering clinical training due to extensive working hours. Students find themselves unable to balance competing demands on their time and cannot allocate appropriate time to family, spouses and even to themselves; this leads to complaints about exhaustion and lack of efficiency in their profession. Objective: To assess Psychological morbidity in interns, medical officers and residents Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted. A google form was designed with questions adopting from the three scales of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS). Question from all three categories of MBI-GS such as emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment were considered. The form was distributed via email and Whatsapp to 87 house officers, medical officers and residents of six public healthcare facilities in Lahore. Responses were captured from 73 participants who completed the General Health questionnaire. Seven of these forms were filled by nurses, so in the present study only the response of those 66 participants who conformed to the study cross-section were considered. The results were analyzed using SPSS version 22 for descriptive statistics and chi-square association. Results: A significant association was found between long working hours and emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment questions in particular. The findings suggests long working hours ruin the mental health of medical professionals, which ultimately produce psychological health impacts. Conclusions: It was concluded that these factors should be considered to reduce psychological morbidity in health professionals.
ABSTRACT:To evaluate the asthenopic symptoms in smartphone users, a study was carried out in the College of Ophthalmology and Allied Vision Sciences (Mayo Hospital) Lahore from May to July 2018. This Cross-Sectional study was done with 250 people both from medical and non-medical backgrounds. In the study, out of 250 cases 138 (55.2%) were related to non-medical (university students of different disciplines) and the rest 112 individuals (44.8%) belonged to the medical field. Individuals of the average age of 26.91 ± 3.90 years were considered that had been using the smartphone for the last one year. Eye-problems like headaches, eye strain, double vision, redness, watery eyes, and blurred vision were recorded in 202 (80.8%) cases. Data were analyzed using Chisquare and Fisher's exact test methods. SPSS (version 21) was used and significant (p < 0.05) differences were found in symptoms that were significantly associated with age and smartphone usage time. It was concluded by the study that asthenopic symptoms were mostly found in adults who were using smartphones for more than 3-4 hours per day without any break, whether they belonged to the medical or non-medical field.
Diabetes is the primary metabolic disorder listed among the top 10 death-causing diseases. The complete cure of diabetes is impossible, but the prevention and maintenance of glucose levels can reduce the diabetes severity. Objectives: To utilize the banana peel extracts to evaluate their antioxidant attributes and capability to attenuate diabetes. Methods: The antioxidant properties were assessed by measuring the DPPH, total phenolic contents (TPC), and total flavonoid contents (TFC) in ethanol, methanol, and acetone solutions. Moreover, the renal functional tests (Serum creatinine, serum urea, and BUN) and liver function tests (ALT, ASP, Serum Albumin, and total proteins) were also conducted during the 21 days experimental study in diabetes-induced (via Streptozotocin: 350 mg/kg) male Albino Wister rats. Results: The results indicated that the DPPH, TPC, and TFC contents were higher in methanol solution, i.e., 74.20±0.98%, 54.78±0.69mg GAE/g, and 39.48±0.37mg GAE/g respectively. Moreover, the results indicated that the unripe, ripe, and overripe significantly reduced liver and renal function parameters in diabetic rats. Conclusions: Banana peels have prominent potential to prevent diabetes-linked variables due to their higher antioxidant activity.
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