This research has produced a detailed analysis of coercive sexual behaviour in British prisons as reported by victim, perpetrator, non-victim and non-perpetrator ex-prisoners. A total of 408 participants have contributed to this study. Their responses have been structured around the following hypotheses: (i) victims are reluctant to discuss and report incidents of sexual coercion (sexual exploitation, rape and sexual assault, including forced drug searches); therefore, sexual coercion remains under-reported within the prison system; (ii) different types of 'discreet', exploitative relationships exist, and these can include blackmail, violence and sex in exchange for goods; (iii) victims of sexual coercion involving sexual intimacy will predominate among: younger, passive, homosexual, inexperienced prisoners without group affiliations; (iv) victims of forced drug searches will predominate among: younger, passive, drug dependent, prisoners without group affiliations. Coercive sexual behaviour included forced drug searches and those who had been coerced for sexual intimacy. Approximately 1% had been sexually coerced involving sexual intimacy and 4% had been subjected to forced drug searches. Perpetrators for both groups consisted predominantly of prisoners, rather than staff. Victims reported a higher number of psychological problems following the initial incident compared to non-victims. Once targeted, victims found themselves open to repeated abuse by multiple perpetrators. Perpetrators actively employed various strategies to prevent victims from reporting the incident. Further research needs to be conducted on prison sexual coercion. This will help in the treatment of victims and the development of preventative measures.

Our findings highlight the importance that cultural factors play in the development of PND and the establishment of MIB in the context of culturally attuned healthcare services.

No abstract

Abbreviations: APA, american psychiatric association; AB, adult baby; SB, sissy babies'; DL, diaper lovers; CBT, cognitive behavioral therapy; SSRIS, selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors; PTSD, posttraumatic stress disorder Introduction: An overview of paraphilic infantilismParaphilia refers to the intense and persistent sexual interest and arousal towards objects, situations or individuals which are atypical, equal to and/or greater than normophilic sexual interests.1 Paraphilic disorders in the DSM-5 include exhibitionism, fetishism, peadophilia, sexual masochism, sexual sadism, transvestic fetishism and voyeurism possess a formal diagnostic criteria (APA, 2015). However, paraphilic infantilism is classified as a sexual disorder under, 'other specified paraphilic disorder'. 1 It was during the 1960's that reference to clients' exclusive wearing of diapers as a means of attaining sexual arousal became documented. Tuchman & Lachman 2 reported a child sex offender, who had been molesting his 4 and 6 year old daughters. He would wear rubber pants over his diaper and enjoyed urinating and masturbating in them. Malitz 3 describes a 20 year old male who had broken into a house with the sole intention of wearing diapers and defecating in them and subsequently reaching orgasm. Dinello 4 provided a diagnostic understanding of a 17 year old male who wore diapers, had eaten baby food, drank from a baby bottle and masturbated whilst wearing a diaper.During the 1980's, Money 5 termed the paraphilic condition of impersonating a baby, autonepiophilia, diaperism or paraphilic infantilism. Money 6 distinguished between infantilism, autonepiophilia and paraphilic diaper-wearing, stating that the latter is a paraphilic fetish involving an erotic attraction to an article of clothing whilst the former is a non-fetishistic paraphilia aimed at regressive age identity role play. Paraphilic infantilism was described as an individual acting as an infant including associated behaviours of drinking from a baby bottle, being fed baby food, being breast fed, wearing baby cloths, wearing diapers and sleeping in a crib. This may have involved the assistance of a 'nanny', 'daddy' or 'mommy' to accommodate the infantilists requirements. 6,7 When role play involves regressing back to an infant state the individual is referred to as an adult baby (AB). The AB's like to dress up as a baby, get baby fed, have diaper changes and so forth.7 'Sissy babies' (SB) are adults who also play the infant role however, the role played is the opposite gender and may involve cross dressing SBs. Those who only engage in wearing diapers, as a sexual fetish, without the regressive fantasies are referred to as diaper lovers (DL). 7Those who experience both the sexual aspect of wearing diapers and the enjoyment of engaging in infantile play are referred to as adult baby/diaper lovers (AB/DL). 7Money 6 also referred to paraphilic juvenilism or age play. Age Play predominately involves adults who role play at being babies, children or younger adults. Money 6 examin...

Electronic cigarettes have become a popular smoking cessation device so it is the objective of this study to explore their addiction potential and the intentions of electronic cigarette users. This study aims to determine whether users intend to quit or reduce vaping. An online survey link was posted on social media forums and 259 self-confessed vapers completed an online questionnaire. The majority of vapers had not attempted to reduce vaping (73.4%), with little intention to quit vaping within the next two months (96.6%). Most commonly 6mg of nicotine was used (76.8%) and 4.2% of participants had no previous smoking history. The majority (56%) of vapers reported a moderate nicotine dependency. As expected, regression analysis revealed that nicotine dependency was predicted by age and strength of e-liquid concentration. We conclude from our study findings that the majority of vapers do not intend to reduce or quit using electronic cigarettes and this issue has fundamental implications regarding the long-term negative effects of vaping; that will take time to unfold and further research to fully appreciate.Citation: Skerry A, Lusher J, Banbury S. Electronic cigarette users lack intention to quit vaping.Citation: Skerry A, Lusher J, Banbury S. Electronic cigarette users lack intention to quit vaping. A.E-cigarettes and smoking cessation in realworld and clinical settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Respir Med. 2016;4(2):116-128.