A dual-band miniaturized e-shaped antenna with circular polarization (CP) at 28 and 38 GHz is presented in this work for 5G millimeter-wave applications. Characteristic mode analysis (CMA) is used in the design steps of the antenna. This compact antenna consists of a main radiating patch surrounded by an L-shaped and hat-shaped metallic strips. The design was implemented on a single RO5880 substrate with a thickness of 0.508 mm, and fed by a single coaxial cable. A 2 × 2 antenna array was also developed and validated. The dimensions of this array were 1.5 λ0 × 1.86 λ0 (where λ0 is the free space wavelength at 28 GHz). In the lower band of 28 GHz, 95% total efficiency and 12.69 dBiC gain were obtained, while in the higher band of 38 GHz, 90% total efficiency and 11.10 dBiC gain were achieved. The beamforming capability of this dual band array was investigated as well.
This paper proposes a novel single‐layer planar lens antenna with the capability of keeping circular polarization (CP) of the incoming CP wave and enhanced gain for millimetre‐wave applications. Because of the symmetric design of the lens unit cell, a 90‐degree phase difference between two modes of the incoming CP wave can be maintained with high amplitude. Furthermore, the phase variations created by the designed unit cells change the phase of the incoming wave and result in antenna gain enhancement. Two different feeding antennas, a CP patch antenna and a 2 × 2 CP antenna array, are used as the feeding section to evaluate the performance of the proposed lens. Maximum gains of 19.2 dBiC and 23.4 dBiC with −10 dB impedance bandwidths of 3.5% and 2.9% at Ka‐band are reported for the proposed lens fed by these two CP antennas, respectively, while keeping the axial ratio value below 3 dB. The substrate material of the proposed lens design is RO4003 C with the total dimensions of 9.79λ0 × 9.79λ0 × 0.047λ0 (where λ0 is the free space wavelength at 28 GHz). The measurements conducted on the fabricated prototypes agree very well with the simulation and analysis results.
This paper presents a high efficiency dual band single layer antenna structure for MIMO array applications. The e-shape patch that is surrounded by two conductive walls is designed on an RO5880 substrate with thickness of 0.508 mm. The operating frequencies of this antenna are 28 GHz and 38 GHz. Circular polarization is achieved by designing the specific shape of the inner patch and cutting the edge of the outer ring. The reflection coefficient is less than -10 dB at 25.9-28.6 GHz and 36-58.5 GHz with maximum gain and efficiency of 6.31 dB and 92% at 28 GHz and 5.2 dB and 71% at 38 GHz. This low-profile and lightweight antenna can be used in many 5G communication systems.
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