Colorectal cancer (CC) is an important human malignancy with high cancer related death worldwide. The chemotherapy using doxorubicin hydrochloride is one of the most common cancer therapeutic methods. However, drug resistance lowers the treatment efficacy in CC patients. The combination therapies seem to be more promising by taking the advantage of synergistic effects. The present study aimed to evaluate a new strategy to enhance the anticancer activity of doxorubicin in Caco-2 CC cell line by co-administration of melatonin. The effects of doxorubicin, melatonin, and their combinations (Dox-Mel) were investigated on the proliferation and viability, morphological alterations, and tumor spheroid formation. Flow cytometry was employed to compare the apoptotic situation of the cells in study groups. Changes in metastatic potential of the cells were assessed by wound healing assay and trans-well migration assays. Moreover, expression of BAX, SMAC, BCL-2, SURVIVIN, MMP-2, and MMP-9 genes were evaluated by quantitative real time PCR and western blotting.Our study showed that doxorubicin, melatonin, and Dox-Mel significantly decreased the proliferation and viability, tumor spheroid formation, invasion, and migration. Furthermore, the changes were in a concentration and time dependent manner. There was an increase in apoptosis rate in the treatment groups. Expression of genes involved in apoptosis and cell motility were altered significantly. It was observed that anticancer activity of Dox-Mel combination was significantly more than doxorubicin and melatonin treatments alone. We showed an enhanced apoptotic and anticancer activity of doxorubicin and melatonin combination chemotherapy on CC cell line than doxorubicin or melatonin treatments alone. This combination could promote the treatment efficiency and alleviate the un-intended side effects by lowering the dose of doxorubicin prescription.
Various therapeutic approaches have been developed during the last years for treating hematological malignancies, but these malignancies still are an important cause of cancer death worldwide. 1,2 Currently, the main treatment methods of hematological malignancies are stem cell transplantation, chemotherapy, and
Aim:The aim was to evaluate the influence of water storage on fiber post-resin composite adhesion after different postsurface treatments.Materials and Methods:Forty-two fiber posts were used. Half of them were treated by hydrogen-peroxide and the other half were sandblasted. The adhesive (Single Bond, 3M, USA) was applied on the post. Core was built-up using flowable composite (Ælite Flow, Bisco, USA). The specimens were divided into eight groups. Group 1 was treated with H2O2. Groups 2–4 were treated with H2O2 but stored for 3, 6, and 9 months, respectively. Groups 5–8 were sandblasted and stored for 0, 3, 6, and 9 months. μTBS was measured and data analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD. The fractured surfaces were evaluated by a stereomicroscope. The morphology of interfaces was assessed under SEM. H2O2-treated groups showed higher bond-strength.Results:The effect of “surface-treatment method” and “storage-time” was significant (P<0.0001), but there was no significant difference for their interaction effect (P=0.05). Water aging significantly decreased μTBS.Conclusions:Water aging significantly decreased microtensile bond strength regardless of the type of post surface treatment.
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Breast cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer among women, and it remains the main challenge despite improved treatments. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a small non-coding family of RNAs that play an indispensable role in regulating major physiological processes, including differentiation, proliferation, invasion, migration, cell cycle regulation, stem cell maintenance, apoptosis, and organ development. The dysregulation of these tiny molecules is associated with various human malignancies. More than 50% of these non-coding RNA sequences estimated have been placed on genomic regions or fragile sites linked to cancer. Following the discovery of the first signatures of specific miRNA in breast cancer, numerous researches focused on involving these tiny RNAs in breast cancer physiopathology as a new therapeutic approach or as reliable prognostic biomarkers. In the current review, we focus on recent findings related to the involvement of miRNAs in breast cancer via the AKT signaling pathway and the related clinical implications.
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