The purpose of the study is to the analysis of managers’ authority according to the demographic characteristics of employees, identify the acceptance rate for participants regarding the study questionnaires, and determine the relationship between the demographic characteristics of participants and question items. The study was a descriptive cross-sectional design; data were collected from the different organizations in Iraq/Erbil city from July 1st to 15 December 2021. The researcher distributed 600 questionnaires form; 20 questionnaires were missing. The study's sample size was 580 individuals since 580 questionnaires were received and completed correctly. The findings of the study indicated that the employees' response in Iraqi organizations is high in the averages of all questions, resulting in a rise in managers' efficiency in making decisions at the management level, taking into consideration the views of employees in new task decisions. Employees trust their managers because they encourage them to take initiative, innovate, and proactively solve problems, as well as allowing them the freedom to work independently and make their own decisions. The findings of the study recommended that managers should make an effort to establish a good rapport with their staff members, communicate honestly and freely, and show empathy, managers should serve as role models for their staff.
The purpose of the study is to identify the effect of knowledge management on work performance, and identify the association between knowledge management, work performance, and socio-demographic characteristics of the sample study. The study is a descriptive cross-sectional design done in the health sector in Erbil city in Iraq. The study begins on 20.10.2022 to 25.12.2022. The estimated sample was 187 participants. Data collection was done by using a questionnaire, asking 30 questions as follows; 4 items for socio-demographics, 16 items for knowledge management, and 10 items for work performance. The findings of the study indicated that there was a positive effect of knowledge management on work performance, and there was a strong relationship between them. There was a significant association between age, education level, monthly income, and knowledge management. Also, there was a significant association between gender and work performance. While there was no significant association between gender and knowledge management. Also, age, education level, monthly income, and work performance. The result of the present study recommended that; to ensure that their knowledge management strategies are in line with their overarching aims and objectives, organizations should clearly articulate them. Also, organizations should foster an environment that promotes employee collaboration and knowledge sharing, and organizations should place a high priority on learning and development by providing employees with training and development opportunities that help them gain new knowledge and skills.
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