Background and Objectives: Exercises bring about health. Therefore, knowing what kind of exercise is more effective in individuals' spirituals health indices is important. Thus, the present study aims at comparing the impact of aerobic and anaerobic exercises on the level of depression, anxiety, stress, and happiness of nonathletic male students. Methods: In this clinical trial study, sample included the nonathletic male students of Zahedan Azad University in 2014. 90 students were selected through convenience sampling and they were divided randomly into two experimental groups (aerobic and anaerobic) and one control group. The aerobic group must do aerobic exercises and the anaerobic group must do anaerobic exercises for a period of 10 weeks (3 sessions a week, each lasted for 60 minutes). The data were collected using DASS-21 questionnaire for measuring the level of depression, anxiety and stress, and Oxford OHI questionnaire for measuring the amount of happiness before and after the intervention. The results were analyzed using statistical tests of MANCOVA in SPSS-13.
Results:The results showed that in both aerobic and anaerobic groups the mean score of depression, anxiety, stress and happiness improved after treatment. However, the improve in the mean score of anxiety, stress and happiness was more apparent in the anaerobic group. The results also showed that only stress and happiness resulted in a significant difference in different groups. Conclusions: Both aerobic and anaerobic exercises result in reduction of stress and Anxiety. So it seems necessary to include such exercises in students' daily schedule.
Objective: Relapse is a challenge for patients with severe mental illness (SMI). The purpose of present study was to explain the health care team’s perception of social factors affecting SMI relapse.
Methods: In this qualitative content analysis study, semi-structured interviews have been conducted with 23 members of healthcare team. Content analysis was used to categorize the data.
Results: The social factors affecting the relapse of SMI could be classified in three categories of community-related factors, cultural factors, and family-related factors. The first category included low socioeconomic status, lack of community support for SMI patients, and insufficient awareness of community about SMI. The second category included false beliefs and misconceptions, and negative attitudes towards SMI. The third category also included dysfunctional family and non-supportive family.
Conclusion: In order to deal with cultural misconceptions that lead to the relapse of SMI, it is necessary to implement culture-based interventions to correctly confront negative attitudes and stigmatized beliefs and fight against cultural taboos that govern the phenomenon of SMI relapse in Iran. It seems that the implementation of family-centered interventions for the family of patients with SMI can reduce the burden of family-related factors in disease relapse.
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