AimKidney disease of unknown aetiology (CKDu) has been a health problem in the rural farming community of the North Central province of Sri Lanka since the 1990s and various environmental factors have been postulated as contributing factors for this disease. The aim of our study was to find out whether farmers undergo dehydration which would lead to concentration of urine and the water soluble potentially toxic substance in the kidney, leading to damage of the renal tubules. Therefore, we studied a sample of healthy farmers who were CKDu‐free to determine whether they were dehydrated.MethodsSample included healthy male paddy farmers of Padaviya in the Anuradhapura district. Plasma and urine osmolarity were recorded upon waking up in the morning and evening during the non‐farming and farming seasons. Basic statistics and a 2 × 2 anova was done to test the interaction of time of day with farming activity.ResultsFarmers were dehydrated according to the plasma osmolarity especially in the mornings, irrespective of whether they were farming or not. Approximately 40% of the sample also demonstrated acute dehydration at the end of the day due to farming activity as indicated by both plasma and urine osmolarity and specific gravity.ConclusionThis study revealed that the farmers of the Padaviya area were either dehydrated or at the upper limit of euhydration sometime during the day irrespective of their activities during the day.
Background: Literature reports significant disparities in the haematological response to altitude training among endurance athletes. The role of iron in determining the haematological response to altitude training is under-investigated. Objective: This study compared haematological parameters between Sri Lankan endurance athletes exposed to hypoxic and normoxic conditions, with and without iron supplementation. Method: Sri Lanka Army long and middle-distance male athletes were studied under four conditions; low altitude non-supplemented [LOW: n=14] and supplemented [LOW-S: n=7], high altitude non-supplemented [HIGH: n=6] and supplemented [HIGH-S: n=7]. High altitude groups lived at 2200 m and trained at 1800 m. Low altitude groups lived and trained at 40 or 120 m. All athletes underwent endurance training for five weeks. Pre and post intervention blood samples were obtained to determine haematological parameters. Results: A significant increase in haemoglobin concentration (0.67 g/dl) was observed in the two high altitude groups after five weeks of training (p=0.004). Serum ferritin decreased by 28.4% (p=0.05) and red cell distribution width increased (p=0.04) in HIGH while ferritin increased by 26.5% (p=0.08) and red cell distribution width decreased (p=0.01) in HIGHS. No changes were observed in the low altitude groups. Conclusion: A substantial haematological response is observed when Sri Lankan endurance athletes are exposed to an adequate hypoxic dose. However, non-iron supplemented athletes are at a tendency to develop iron deficiency whilst supplemented athletes may accumulate iron even with previously recommended levels of pre-altitude ferritin.
Male fertility is a very important but often neglected area in medical practice. Compared to what is available on female subfertility, there is a dearth in research on male fertility. Fertility in male depends on the normally functioning hypothalamopituitary gonadal axis, normal testis and the environment necessary for viable, motile sperm production. The production of healthy germ cells require a temperature which is slightly below the core body temperature and there are several temperature regulatory mechanisms in humans that ensure the maintenance of the scrotal temperature several degrees lower. The aim of the present review is to synthesise and summarise the literature available on scrotal temperature regulation in the healthy male and to recapitulate the disease conditions, environmental, occupational and lifestyle factors that affects scrotal temperature and thus male fertility.
Difficult airway is a common problem encountered in oro-maxillo-facial surgeries. We describe a case where a displaced mandibular reconstruction plate obstructing the access to oral cavity. The airway was further compromised by previous tracheostomy, and limited neck extension owing to previous surgeries and radiotherapy. The inability of the patient to swallow increased the risk of pulmonary aspiration. The first line of airway management in such patient should be fibro-optic laryngoscopy. However, one must have alternative plans for securing airway if there are expected difficulties with fiberoptic laryngoscopy. Such plans were made considering her clinical presentation. We believe this case highlights the importance of pre-planning the strategies for airway management according to the presentation. Key words: Difficult airway; Oro-maxillary-facial surgeries; Fiberoptic intubation; Mandibular reconstruction Citation: Ratnayake A, Nanayakkara S, Herath M. A case of displaced mandibular reconstruction plate and the airway. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2022;27(1):139−141; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v27i1.2126 Received: September 24, 2022; Reviewed: November 15, 2022; Accepted: November 15, 2022
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.