Readmissions and complications following cholecystectomy are common and associated with patient and disease characteristics.

Purpose To investigate 1-year visual and anatomic outcomes of intravitreal aflibercept for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) given at a fixed 8-weekly interval. Methods Retrospective, single-practice data analysis from an electronic medical record system of 255 eyes (223 patients) with treatment-naïve nAMD receiving 8-weekly aflibercept.Results Mean logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improved from 0.66 at baseline to 0.50 at month 11 (Po0.0001). Mean central retinal thickness (CRT) decreased from 311μm at baseline to 211μm at month 11 (Po0.0001). Our mean VA gain of eight ETDRS letters was comparable to the VIEW 1 and VIEW 2 Trials' results at the end of year 1. After loading at month 5, mean BCVA was 0.48 (Po0.0001), and mean CRT was 235 μm. At month 5, 143 eyes (56%) were inactive defined by the absence of macular haemorrhage and intraretinal fluid (IRF) and subretinal fluid (SRF) on optical coherence tomography, and 112 eyes (44%) remained active. At month 11, 136 eyes (53%) were inactive, and 119 eyes (47%) remained active. At month 11, 77% of inactive eyes after loading remained inactive, and 77% of the active eyes after loading remained active. At month 11, mean BCVA of the inactive group was 0.51, and mean BCVA of the active group was 0.48 (P = 0.54). Conclusions Aflibercept administered by fixed dosing over 1 year improved VA and macular morphology in treatment-naïve eyes. Active lesions at month 11 do not have worse VA outcomes compared with inactive lesions. The macular status after loading is a reliable indicator of disease activity at the end of year 1.

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Emergency cholecystectomy is less costly and more effective than delayed cholecystectomy. This approach is likely to be beneficial to patients in terms of improved health outcomes and to the healthcare provider owing to the reduced costs.

Patients with similar characteristics presenting to different hospitals with acute gallbladder pathology do not receive comparable care.