Background: Congenital abnormalities of the kidneys and urinary tracts (CAKUT) are conditions brought on by errors in the growth of the kidneys and the outflow tubes that drain the kidneys. Although the issue may not become apparent until later in life, CAKUT is a congenital abnormality brought on by improper urinary system development. Case presentation: We are presenting the case of a 23-year-old man who has chronic kidney disease and is undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. The patient was apparently alright 2 weeks back when he had complained of breathlessness. fever 2 episodes, lower which was insidious in onset and gradually progressive. On arrival, the patient was provided oxygen therapy via a face mask for breathlessness and to make him feel comfortable with the head elevation. On laboratory investigation, the patient’s blood values are altered. The patient underwent computed tomography of the kidney-ureter-bladder (CT-KUB), and Ultrasonography of the kidneys (USG). A permanent tunnel hemodialysis catheter under local anesthesia was placed and he received 2 cycles of hemodialysis. During the course in the hospital, the patient’s condition was improving and was stable clinically and vitally hence, the patient was discharged. Conclusion: CAKUT can occur alone or in conjunction with heart and cardiovascular malformations, gastrointestinal tract malformations, central nervous system malformations, skeletal system malformations, lung, face, genito-reproductive system malformations, abdominal wall malformations, chromosomal abnormalities, MCA, and other organ system malformations.
Introduction: Sickle cell anemia is a kind of anemia caused by a virus a homozygous HbS mutation (HbSS). Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a congenital blood illness that has an impact children. It is inherited from a parent’s DNA. SCD patients produce an abnormal kind of hemoglobin. This is the oxygen-transporting protein found in red blood cells. SCD causes a lack of oxygen in organs and tissues of the body. Clinical Findings: Fever, Cough and cold, pain in lower extremities, Bodyache , Fatigue and Anemia (6.3 gm/). Diagnostic Evaluation: Blood test: Hb -6.3gm%, Total RBC count -2.2millions/cu mm, RDW- 18.2%, HCT-20.2%, Total WBC count 3000/cu mm, Monocytes 02%, Granulocytes 20%, Lymphocytes 77%, AST(SGOT) – 110 UL. Peripheral Smear: RBC mild hypochromic with mild cytosis which show few microcytic and mildly Hypochromic. Platelets – Reduced on smear, APC -60,000 cells. Ultrasonography: Splenomegaly. Therapeutic Interventions: Blood transfusion, Inj. Cefotaxime 750 mg IV x BD, Syr. Azee 4ml x OD, Tab. Folic Acid 5 mg x OD, Tab. Udiliv 150mg x BD, Cap. Hydra 500 mg x OD. Outcome: After treatment, the child show improvement. His fever and body ache, cough and cold fatigue and pain in hands and leg were relieved and his Hb% increased from 6.4 gm% to 11 gm% after blood transfusion. Conclusion: My patient was admitted to Pediatric Ward No- 22 in AVBRH with a known case of SCA kind of anemia a body in which he had complaint fever and body ache, cough and cold fatigue and pain in hands and leg. After getting appropriate treatment his condition was improved.
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