In the k-t sensitivity encoding (k-t SENSE) method spatiotemporal data correlations are exploited to accelerate data acquisition in dynamic MRI studies. The present study demonstrates the feasibility of applying k-t SENSE to contrast-enhanced myocardial perfusion MRI and using the speed-up to increase spatial resolution. At a net acceleration factor of 3.9 (k-t factor of 5 with 11 training profiles) accurate representations of dynamic signal intensity (SI) changes were achieved in computer simulations. In vivo, 5؋ k-t SENSE was compared with 2؋ SENSE (identical acquisition parameters except for in-plane spatial resolution ؍ 1.48 ؋ 1.48 mm 2 vs. 2.64 ؋ 2.64 mm 2 , respectively). In 10 volunteers no differences in myocardial SI profiles were found (relative peak enhancement ؍ 151% vs. 149.7%, maximal upslope ؍ 12.9%/s vs. 13.3%/s for 2؋ SENSE and 5؋ k-t SENSE, respectively, all P > 0.05). Overall image quality was similar, but endocardial dark rim artifacts were reduced with k-t SENSE. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in the myocardium was greater with 5؋ k-t SENSE by a factor of 1.36 ؎ 0.23 at peak contrast enhancement with the relative yield decreasing with increasing dynamics in the object in accordance to theory.
Myocardial tissue tagging using complementary spatial modulation of magnetization (CSPAMM) allows detailed assessment of myocardial motion. To capture the complex 3D cardiac motion pattern, multiple 2D tagged slices are usually acquired in different orientations. These approaches are prone to slice misregistration and associated with long acquisition times. In this work, a fast method for acquiring 3D CSPAMM data is proposed that allows measuring deformation of the whole heart in three breath-holds of 18 heartbeats duration each. Three acquisitions are sequentially performed with line tag preparation in each orthogonal direction. Measurement acceleration is achieved by applying localized tagging preparation and a hybrid multishot, segmented echoplanar imaging sequence.
Purpose: To introduce a true three-dimensional (3D) tagging technique for the assessment of myocardial tissue motion. Materials and Methods:To generate a 3D tagging grid, a complementary spatial modulation of magnetization (CSPAMM) was applied in three spatial directions. Imaging was performed using a conventional fast 3D gradient-echo sequence. For automatic analysis of the 3D-CSPAMM data set, evaluation software, based on a 3D extension of the HARP technique, was used.Results: Successful application of the 3D-CSPAMM technique in healthy subjects allowed the accurate determination of quantitative 3D motion patterns in the human heart.Conclusion: 3D-CSPAMM may contribute to the quantification of the local 3D myocardial motion pattern throughout the cardiac cycle.
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