Job burnout can reduce job performance. The present study aimed to investigate the job burnout syndrome and its effective factors among military personnel. In this cross-sectional study, 930 military personnel from different areas were selected via cluster sampling. For data collection, the job burnout questionnaire and the job description index were used. The findings showed that 33.8 percent of the personnel were at a low level, 46.5 at a moderate level, and 19.7 percent at an intense level of emotional exhaustion. Considering depersonalization dimension, 51.7 percent were at low level, 37.7 at the moderate level, and 10.5 percent at an intense level. Finally, regarding the lack of personal accomplishment, 47.8 percent were at low level, 31.1 at the moderate level, and 21.1 percent at an intense level. The results of MANOVA showed a significant difference with respect to job burnout among the personnel based on demographic characteristics. Finally, the results revealed a significant relationship between job description index, job burnout, and its components. Accordingly, managers and authorities are suggested to pay more attention to the effective factors influencing job burnout among military personnel.

Background: Concerns about body image among male adolescents has become increasingly prevalent, leading to a need for muscularity. It is well known that psychological factors play a role in the development of these concerns. Objectives: The aim of the current study was to predict the drive for muscularity based on psychological factors, including self-esteem, maladaptive perfectionism, and interpersonal sensitivity. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019. Using a convenience sampling method, 150 adolescent male students from district 14 of Tehran, Iran, were selected to participate in the study. Data was collected by utilizing the following measures: drive for Muscularity scale, Rosenberg Self-Esteem scale, Almost Perfect scale-revised, and Interpersonal Sensitivity measure. Data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient and the Enter Regression method. Results: High scores in the Drive for Muscularity scale were significantly associated with higher levels of maladaptive perfectionism, interpersonal sensitivity, and lower levels of self-esteem. Moreover, the results of the multiple regression analysis revealed that predivariables could explain 52% in the variance of the drive for muscularity. Conclusions: Findings indicated that the psychological factors investigated in this study were risk factors for masculinity among adolescents. We suggest that clinicians take these factors into account in order to make preventive and therapeutic programs more effective.

Today, work-family issues have gained special importance to employees, families, and organizations. Work-family conflict is an inter-role conflict in which work and family demands are mutually incompatible and creates stress and numerous problems. So, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of work-family conflict management model in life satisfaction of male employees. The statistical population included all male employees of the bank in Tehran. In this study 30 male employees were selected and randomly divided into the experimental group (n=15) and control group (n=15). The experimental group underwent six-sessions of work-family conflict management program and the control group did not receive any intervention. It is noteworthy that after two months from pretest applying, participants from both groups underwent the pretest. The results showed a significance difference in life satisfaction between the experimental and control groups after the intervention. So, the results of this study could be explained by the fact that worklife conflict management practices are skills that are designed to reduce work-life conflict and enable employees to be more effective in their roles of work and life. Also, program practices enhance employees' autonomy and increase their capacity to perform well in work-family situation.