This paper treats the stability of two superposed gravitating streams rotating about the axis transverse to the horizontal magnetic field. The critical wave number for instability is found to be affected by rotation for propagation perpendicular to the axis about which the system rotates. The critical wave number for instability is not affected by rotation when waves propagate along the axis of rotation. The critical wave number is affected by both the magnetic field and the streaming velocity in both cases. Both the magnetic field and the rotation are stabilizing, while the streaming velocity is destabilizing.
Stored grains are threatened by several insects, leading to losses in quality and quantity. Several studies have revealed the risks of using chemicals that can cause serious health problems for humans. It is in this perspective that the objective of our work should be seen: It was to assess the effect of the essential oil and leaf powder of Mentha pulegium against Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium castaneum adults attacking post-harvest cereals. The insecticidal activity of the essential oil against these two insects was evaluated by three methods: contact, inhalation and ingestion. The ingestion method was used in the case of the leaf powder. The essential oil and leaf powder of Mentha pulegium exhibited insecticidal activity against Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium castaneum adults (Mentha pulegium essential oil caused up to 100% mortality of both insects). Both insects were influenced affected by the dose, exposure time and the method by which the insecticidal activity of the essential oil was demonstrated. Adults of Sitophilus oryzae were more sensitive to different concentrations of essential oil and leaf powder than those of Tribolium castaneum. The essential oil has no effect on the germination rate of soft wheat grains (Triticum aestivum). On the contrary, it acts positively by reducing the damage caused by these major stock pests. The data from this study could present an alternative solution for replacing synthetic insecticides for the protection of stored commodities.
This work investigated the effects of sustained deficit irrigation (SDI) on yield components and fruit physicobiochemical proprieties of two pomegranate cultivars, 'Sefri' and 'Wonderful' 21 trees each, in Sais plain (northern Morocco) over two consecutive seasons (2018)(2019). Irrigation treatments consisted of a control, irrigation applied to fully satisfy crop evapotranspiration (100% ET C ), and two SDI treatments: 70% ET C (SDI 70 ) and 50% ET C (SDI 50 ). The effects of the SDI treatments differed between cultivars and years. During the first year, yield and fruit weight were significantly reduced in 'Sefri' under SDI 50 . The same effect was also observed in the second year under SDI 70 . In 'Wonderful', a significant decrease in yield occurred in the second year under both SDI regimes. Fruit juice content was reduced in both cultivars, particularly under SDI 50 , with no significant effect on fruit aril content and aril weight. As for juice chemical properties, it was observed a decrease in total soluble solids, especially under SDI 50 . Furthermore, a significant decrease in juice soluble sugars content was observed in the first year for both cultivars. Total polyphenols content has significantly diminished in the second year in both cultivars. Likewise, total anthocyanins level displayed the same pattern, particularly in 'Wonderful'. The findings suggest that SDI decreases yield and fruit quality even under moderate regime of 70% ET C . These negative effects may be dramatic depending on pomegranate genotypes, as observed in 'Sefri', compared to Wonderful variety. The great impact on species behavior toward water stress was particularly driven by the irrigation treatment, of which the interaction with the cultivar factor had the higher impact on the model. As many areas of how sustained deficit irrigation impacts pomegranate tree resilience are still needed to be investigated further, this study is a first attempt to explore water management in pomegranate in the Mediterranean semiarid lands.
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