This research aims to explore the practices of business colleges in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region to reveal their engagement with the society and the factors affecting their engagement with the community. The study utilized a content analysis approach in collecting data from the websites of business colleges in 2016. The sample size comprised 142 business colleges from 20 countries in the MENA region. A regression model was established for the relationship between the independent variables (age, type and academic accreditation of business school and income level, population density and Internet user rate in the country of the college) and the dependent variable (behavior of business schools in disclosing their societal role on their websites). The results indicate that situation and economic stability are central factors influencing the level of disclosure about the business schools' engagement with the community. This gives an impression that university practices of social responsibilities come as a result of economic and social development, not as a result of the needs of the society itself. Accordingly, the study recommends that business schools in less developed societies reemphasize their roles according to their community needs and facilitate technology in the process of fulfilling this responsibility.

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Agricultural exports are drivers of economic growth as, apart from earning valuable foreign currency it creates sustainable jobs, increases the adoption of Advanced technologies and production practices as well as the enhancement of the overall competitiveness of the agricultural sector. Egypt's average exports of potatoes grew at a rate of 20% during the period (2001-2013) accounting for about 14% of the total value of agricultural exports. This remarkable raised an important research question on what are the most important growth determinants of Egyptian potatoes exports. The study attempts to investigate the situation of Egyptian exports of potatoes in the key importing markets, identify the most important competing countries to Egypt's potatoes exports and investigate the determinants of such exports in order to gain knowledge on the factors that influence the value of the Egyptian exports of potatoes. The results of the augmented gravity model revealed three factors that were found to be most significant namely, exchange rate, population, and the physical distance from Cairo to the capitals of the importers. GDP of Egypt GDP of the trading partner and the economic difference are of less importance. The total size of the specific export market for the Egyptian potatoes is also of lesser importance to the flows of the Egyptian potatoes exports.

Attracting foreign direct investment (FDI) is considered one of the main challenges faced by economies. It is also one of the main factors that help develop the national economy since it contributes to increasing GDP growth rates in the host country, developing technical staff, creating jobs, transferring modern technology, and supporting competitive capacities. According to the Saudi Vision 2030, the ratio of FDI to GDP will be increased from 3.8% to the global average of 5.7%. The research problem is that there is a gap between the extent of current and hoped-for FDI. The research paper will discuss the following objectives: Exploring the current investment environment in KSA, shedding light on current legislations that are attractive for investment, identifying the most important determinants of investment in KSA, and testing the relationship between FDI inflows and economic factors affecting them. The statistical descriptive analysis method was adopted, and a standard model was analyzed using the E-Views program. Secondary data were collected from the General Organization for Statistics, World Bank publications, and the UNCTAD database. The research hypotheses related to the existence of a significant relationship between the volume of FDI with GDP and the current investment laws were tested. In conclusion, the most important determinants of investment in KSA which have an impact are GDP growth rate, domestic investments, and natural gas reserves. Furthermore, there is an inverse relationship between government expenditure and inflation rate on the volume of FDI, which negatively affects the deficit of the state budget and the productive efficiency of different sectors. Also, the researchers have been recommended that there is a need to prepare the current investment environment to increase the attraction of FDI in KSA in order to achieve the Saudi Vision 2030 by increasing and diversifying GDP, developing programs to support local investment, reducing the government expenditure and the inflation rate, developing controls obliging foreign companies to transfer technology, train labor, and develop controls to take into account the cleanliness of the environment in the activities of FDI in the country.

The aim of the study is to shed light on the negative and positive effects facing university education as a result of allowing foreign universities to open branches in KSA-Vision 2030, which represents a challenge for the private and governmental university education sector. Hence the main research question arises, "What are the effects of encouraging investment by foreign universities in the Kingdom on local universities in Saudi Arabia? ". Design/methodology/approach:-The study used the descriptive-analytical method, and questionnaires were distributed to the community sample of employees of the Eastern Colleges of Graduate Studies and the Qaseem University the researchers used E-view program for analysis. Findings:-The study reached several results, most important among which are the positive effects of allowing foreign universities to open branches in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, achieving a qualitative shift in the path of Saudi universities on the basis of empowerment, excellence, quality, and contributing to the development of the educational and research process, raising the efficiency of the Saudi university education system and raising the efficiency of Expenditure, the development of financial resources for universities, and human capabilities, the presence of negative effects of students 'orientation to foreign universities and their reluctance to enter local universities, researchers recommend the allocation of a budget-oriented interested in the innovation, creativity, and scientific research. Activating the partnership between ministry of labor, higher education, and vocational training institutions. Encouraging the private sector to invest in technical education. following developed teaching strategies that focus on innovation and creativity for the future generations industry and the encouraging of new investments directed to scientific research in line with (Saudi Vision 2030).