ESWL monotherapy was an efficient and safe modality for the treatment of staghorn calculi in children. Stented patients had fewer major complications and a shorter hospital stay. Prophylactic ureteral stenting is advisable before ESWL for staghorn calculi in children.
laser energy delivered at 0.6-1.4 J and 6-10 Hz. All patients were evaluated after 3 months with intravenous urography to confirm stone clearance and to exclude ureteric stricture formation. RESULTSThe overall stone-free rate was 92% (24 children) after 28 ureteroscopic procedures. Stones were completely cleared in 83%, 80% and 100% of the procedures in the upper, mid-and lower ureters, respectively. In two children the procedure failed; they were salvaged by ureterolithotomy in one and extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy in the other. During the procedures, a ureteric perforation was caused by several factors, including a technically difficult procedure and higher laser energy. At the mean (range) follow-up of 18 (3-39) months, low grade vesico-ureteric reflux was detected in two children, and there were no ureteric strictures in any. CONCLUSIONHolmium:YAG laser lithotripsy is an efficient and safe treatment for ureteric calculi in children.
Holmium:YAG laser ablation of anterior valves is a minimally invasive treatment modality that provided a satisfactory result and appears to be very promising.
Objective/Scope Achieve operational excellence in field of Electrical Submersible Pump (ESP) surveillance and optimization by benefitting Petroleum Development Oman (PDO) asset teams in identifying optimization opportunities, use of real time data for well test validation and improving overall asset KPIs (Key Performance Indicator) through a fully automated Well Management System (WMS). Methods, Procedures and Process The ESP well models are built and sustained in WMS by automated processes to update recent well model information from PDO corporate databases. WMS provides real time well and pump information, along with well model based calculated outputs, pump operational status, workbenches to validate well tests, design inputs, modeling sensitivities for users to perform daily tasks using well-defined standard operating procedures. Operating envelopes based Exception Based Surveillance (EBS) were improved by replacing them with pattern recognition based EBS to improve accuracy, avoid wastage of time and resources. Continuous hands on coaching were conducted to users to strengthen their skills. Benefits, Results, Observations, Conclusions Since implementation of WMS, it has maintained more than 1600 ESP well by building well models automatically for new or workover ESP wells successfully saving huge effort and time from engineers in gathering data and building model. Production Engineers have created more than 100 ESP design input datasheet using the WMS resulting in improved ESP design by avoiding human errors. WMS have already supported assets in identifying around 138 ESP wells with optimization opportunity resulting in increasing around 3 % net oil gain only in year 2017. Real time pump operational status calculation from WMS and sensitivity (Tubing Head Pressure and Hz) based operating point analysis reduced upthrust / downthrust ESP wells by ~50% across PDO in few months. Early detection through Pattern Recognition based EBS has resulted in minimizing ESP downtime by around 30% through quick realization of sub-optimum wells. Validating well tests utilizing downhole gauge data has helped in identifying dubious well tests because of faulty well test equipments thus saving time and money for sequencing the well for re-test and improving allocation. A proper tool and SOPs utilization tracking mechanism is already in place highlighting areas for continuous improvement. Novel Ideas The utilization of real time data and well model together has proven to be a unique and novel way in improving ESP surveillance and optimization for managing around 1600 wells. The replication of same methodology is already undertaken for Progressive Cavity Pump (PCP) and Beam Pump (BP) surveillance and optimization utilizing WMS for PDO assets.
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