This study showed that there was close distance between the sacral midline and the structures anterior to it. The close relationships, as well as the potential for anatomical variations, require the use of sacral and presacral imaging before presacral approach.
The technique of digital splenoportography with thin flexible needles and small amounts of dilute contrast medium is described as one particularly suitable for use in paediatric patients. The authors report a high incidence of spontaneous splenorenal shunting revealed in their patients by this technique.
Splenoportography was performed upon 195 pediatric patients, including 137 by conventional technique and 58 by digital subtraction technique. The results obtained were compared, and it was found that the percentage of diagnosis of spontaneous splenorenal shunt was higher with digital than with conventional technique. In conclusion digital technique is a more sensitive and safer method than the conventional method.
Pulmonary atresia and ventricular septal defect (PA-VSD) with major aortopulmonary collaterals (MAPCAs) is a complex and extremely heterogeneous anomaly. PA-VSD with both pulmonary arteries originating from systemic arterial circulation without MAPCAs and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a very rare disease and according to our knowledge a case without cyanosis and symptoms of congestive heart failure after the first decade of life has not been reported. The majority of untreated patients die in their first decade of life as a result of intractable congestive heart failure or respiratory distress. This report informs about a 21-year-old PA-VSD patient who presented without cyanosis with both pulmonary arteries arising from aorta associated with right sided endocarditis and a paradoxical embolic event.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.