This paper presents a study for the development of tool-life models for machining operations by means of a statistical approach called multi-linear regression analysis. The study was applied to a milling process for machining SAE 121 cast iron in a factory without interrupting the mass production. Different cutting tool materials under dry conditions were used in the cutting tests. Several machining experiments were performed and mathematical models for tool life have been postulated by using least-square regression analysis. The analysis was based on a first-order model in which the tool life is expressed as a function of two independent variables; cutting speed and feed rate. Analysis of variance was applied to check the adequacy of the mathematical models and their respective parameters. In order to demonstrate the usefulness of the developed models, tool-life contours have been generated and presented in different plots.
Engineering Research Journal Faculty of Engineering Minoufiya University Architecture is the mirror of civilization. It reflects its image in a true and an unadulterated way. It is the global image of the society encompassing the components that reflect its economical, cultural and ideological foundations. In the Egyptian society, there has been a growing wave of accusations and criticisms directed to both fields af architecture and building, and in particular to the architecture and building sectors where visual pollution has prevailed. This state of affairs led to an unbalanced scenery that was lacking harmony with the surroundings. For these reasons, it became a must for the architects to find a suitable role for themselves in this context to serve their society through promoting the architectural standards, finding out ways to assess the current situation and pinpoint its advantages and shortcomings, as well as suggesting how to remedy such problems. As a result of the economical advances and prosperity of a certain class of the Egyptian society in the second half of the 20' century, the tourist villages and sea resorts have spread all-over the Egyptian coasts, especially on the northern coast. Those villages were, in the beginning, enjoying a characteristic visual harmony in each one of them. Nevertheless, some of these villages started suffering from visual pollution due to new additions by the occupants that were not compatible with the architectural surroundings. These additions had to be non-compatible due to the differences between the occupmts' cultural, psychological, sociological and occupational backgrounds and needs. This paper aims at defining the dimensions of this visual pollution in the villages of rhe northern coast, through studying the following elements: first: aesthetic concepts and appreciation in architecture, second: the aesthetical system and standards in architecture which affect what a viewer sees and comprehends of the built areas in the northem coast, third: classification of the visual pollution in the villages ofthe northern coast.
As mobile networks grow in size and complexity, huge streams of alarms are flooding the operation and maintenance center (OMC). Thus, the operator needs a decision support system that converts these massive alarms to manageable magnitudes. Alarm correlation is very important in improving the service and the efficiency of the maintenance team in mobile networks and in modern telecommunications networks. As any fault in the mobile network results in a number of alarms, correlating these different alarms and identifying their source are a major problem in fault management. In this paper, an artificial neural network model is proposed to interpret the alarm stream, thereby simplifying the decision-making process and shortening the operator's reaction time. MATLAB program is used as programming tool to develop, implement, and compare between different types of designed artificial neural network models. To assist the operators to take fast decision and detect the root cause of the alarms, the alarms and the result of the artificial neural networks model are visualized in real time on the Google Earth application.
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