Porous electrodes are fast emerging as essential components for next‐generation supercapacitors. Using porous structures of Co3O4, Mn3O4, α‐Fe2O3, and carbon, their advantages over the solid counterpart is unequivocally established. The improved performance in porous architecture is linked to the enhanced active specific surface and direct channels leading to improved electrolyte interaction with the redox‐active sites. A theoretical model utilizing Fick's law is proposed, that can consistently explain the experimental data. The porous structures exhibit ∼50%–80% increment in specific capacitance, along with high rate capabilities and excellent cycling stability due to the higher diffusion coefficients.
Solar cells based on organic-inorganic lead halide perovskites are popular in the photovoltaic community due to their high efficiency, low cost, and solution processability. Understanding the fundamentals of metal halide perovskite and its interfaces is extremely important for achieving high-quality materials and developing efficient devices using these materials with the necessary properties. Various methodologies have been used to evaluate the excellent optoelectronic properties, efficiency, and stability of PSCs. In this article, we reviewed the case studies of characterization techniques to investigate structural, optical, and electrical properties of perovskite material via electron microscopic techniques (SEM and TEM), <em>J-V</em> measurements, AFM, XRD, and spectroscopy techniques (PL, UV-vis, XPS, Raman, FTIR, and EIS). PSCs also need to have long-term stability and large-scale applicability for successful commercialization. In this review, we studied perovskite in detail to understand the key properties of the materials to facilitate the commercialization of PSCs.
Morphology tuning of the electrode material is a promising
approach
to improve the overall performance of the supercapacitor. To date,
there is no strategy that shows that magnetic-field-dependent supercapacitive
behavior can also be tuned by changing the morphology. In this work,
using various morphologies of a negative electrode material α-Fe2O3 viz., rod, porous rods, solid spheres (SS),
and hollow spheres (HS), the effect of morphology on magnetic supercapacitors
is unequivocally established. A theoretical model is also proposed
to correlate the electrochemical response with the diffusion behavior
of electrolyte ions. Under the application of the 200 Gauss magnetic
field, an increment of 55% in the specific capacitance is obtained.
The change under magnetic field is correlated with changing surface
states. This is proven by corresponding electrocatalysis (HER and
OER) performance under magnetic field.
Quick and precise exfoliation of bulk molybdenum sulphide into few layers can bring a quantum jump in the electrochemical performance of this material. Such a cost-effective exfoliation route, to obtain...
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