The present article reports a comprehensive study on structural, elastic, mechanical, acoustical, electronic and thermodynamic properties of XPdF3 (X = Rb, Tl). This study has been carried out using Wien2k computational code written in Fortran language and based on density functional theory. The obtained results explored the ground state stability of these compounds in non magnetic phase. The calculated structural properties including lattice constant, bulk modulus, ground state energy, energy of formation were compared with available literature. In addition, from elastic constants, bulk, shear and elastic moduli, Poisson’s ratios and anisotropy factors were calculated. Furthermore, from criteria of Pugh’s ratio and Cauchy pressure, the materials were found as ductile. The sound velocities in TlPdF3 were examined as lower than RbPdF3 because of comparatively heavier mass of Tl than Rb atom. The obtained electronic properties give the indications of inclusion of these compounds in category of metallic perovskites. Moreover, the thermodynamic parameters like thermal expansion, heat capacity, Debye temperature and Grüneisen parameter were computed using Debye model.

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<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Congenital sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is one of the most common birth defects with incidence of approximately 1:1000 live births. Imaging plays an important role in the work up of cochlear implant candidates not only to identify inner ear congenital and acquired abnormalities or cochlear nerve anomalies but also to detect temporal bone abnormalities or variations that may alter surgical approach. Preoperative evaluation of cochleovestibular anatomy is an important component of the cochlear implant evaluation. The objective of the study was high resolution computerized tomography (HRCT) assessment of congenital ear anomalies before cochlear implantation.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This prospective study was conducted in the Department of Radio diagnosis and Imaging, GMC, Srinagar. 24 children in the age group of 1 to 12 years with unidentified causes of bilateral SNHL were subjected to HRCT over a period of 7 months from January to July 2019.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Eighteen patients had normal radiological scans and 6 had congenital anomalies. We had one each case of common cavity, bilateral labrynthine aplasia, incomplete partition type 1, Mondini’s deformity with dilated vestibular duct, Internal auditory canal stenosis and bilateral large vestibular aqueduct. Out of 18 patients without congenital anomaly, two had Korner’s septum and giant jugular bulb which were important for operating surgeon.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> HRCT temporal bone is superior at identifying the bony labyrinth, including enlarged vestibular aqueduct and caliber of internal auditory canal. HRCT temporal bone should be supplemented by magnetic resonance imaging especially for cochlear nerve assessment. It is the initial imaging modality of choice for assessment of congenital SNHL. </p>

Breast carcinoma is a heterogeneous group of tumors with a wide spectrum of clinical presentations, lesion characterization and diagnostic evaluation. Ductal carcinoma in situ accounts for 15%-20% of breast carcinomas detected in screened populations. Ductal carcinoma in situ has a variable appearance on mammography. The use of mammography has become as a very helpful tool for the early detection of larger number of patients with ductal carcinoma in situ and, thus, offering timely surgery and the need for the appropriate radiation treatment to patients. This study was undertaken as a hospital-based retrospective study to evaluate the varied spectrum of mammographic findings in 57 women with histopathological diagnosis of ductal carcinoma in situ. The spectrum of mammographic findings of ductal carcinoma in situ was found to vary widely. A thorough and vigilant inspection of a mammogram is necessary for all the patients to avoid the possibility of missing early diagnosis of this entity, since the findings are very subtle. Most cases show microcalcifications on mammograms and their early detection can help in early diagnosis, thereby offering conservative surgical approach to a patient. Microcalcifications can be present isolated or in association with a mass. These are mostly clustered in distribution followed by regional, segmental and ductal pattern of distribution. The morphology of microcalcifications is mostly amorphous, followed by pleiomorphic and fine heterogenous types. Hence, the mammogram must be interpreted with strict vigilance and proper attention to all aspects for early and correct diagnosis of ductal carcinoma in situ to help in proper guidance of its treatment.