Introduction: Cancer is one of the major medical problems threatening human health. Breast cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer in women. For more efficient treatment, new treatment strategies have been evolved based on combination therapy in which two or more different methods are exploited for this aim. In the present study, a combination therapy based on radiotherapy (using neutron radiation emitted from a Am-Be neutron source) and biotherapy (using curcumin) is applied to investigate the treatment efficiency of MCF-7 breast cancer in a three-dimensional culture medium. Materials and methods: MTT, neutral red uptake assay, nitric oxide, glutathione assay, catalase, cytochrome c, comet assay, and caspase-3 were used to determine the effect and type of mortality due to neutron effect as well as the combined effect of neutron and curcumin in cancer cells. Results: The results of cytotoxicity due to neutron irradiation as well as the combined effect of neutron and curcumin showed that neutron irradiation with or without curcumin at 5, 10, 15, and 20 hours reduced the survival of tumor cells. Conclusion: Overall, this study showed that the neutron source Am-Be with the applied doses was able to destroy the co, and ch bonds of curcumin, resulting in cell death and apoptosis induction in breast cancer cells. It was caused by neutron radiation. Due to the significant anti-cancer effect of curcumin in 3D culture, the use of this molecule before or after neutron therapy is recommended.
Introduction: Chemotherapy, biotherapy, and radiotherapy play a limited but important role in treating breast cancer. For more efficient treatment, combination therapy could be an appropriate option. In this study, radiotherapy using neutron radiation emitted from a 241 Am-Be neutron source, as well as biotherapy using curcumin (80 μM) was combined to investigate the efficiency of treatment towards MCF-7 breast cancer in a 3D culture medium. Methods: MTT, NR uptake assay, NO, GSH assay, catalase, cytochrome c, comet assay, and caspase-3 were used to determine the effect of neutron radiation and also neutron and curcumin combination on the viability of cancer cells. Results: The results of cytotoxicity test showed that neutron irradiation with or without curcumin at 5, 10, 15, and 20 h reduced the survival of tumor cells. Moreover, the rate of apoptosis due to the neutron effect at different irradiation times enhanced with the increasing time. Conclusion: Due to the significant anticancer effect of curcumin in 3D culture, using this molecule before or after neutron therapy is recommended.
Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer among women. One of these toxins that inhibits the growth of breast cancer cells in 2D cell culture and has significant anti-tumor effects is Dianthin-30. Therefore, in this manuscript, for the first time, the anti-cancer effect of Dianthin-30 toxin against breast cancer cells (MCF-7) in 3D culture has been studied. Materials and Methods: In order to evaluate the anti-cancer effects and cytotoxicity of the toxin at concentrations of 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10μg/ml, MTT methods were used and a Neutral red test was used to validate the results of this test. Nitric oxide, Catalase, GSH assays, cytochrome c, Caspase-3 and Comet assay tests were also used to determine the type of mortality in cancer cells.Results: This toxin did not induce nitric oxide production, but at concentrations higher than 5μg/ml increased catalase production compared to the control. However, the level of GSH produced in all of the concentrations was significant compared to the control. In addition, Dianthin-30 increased cytochrome 30 and activation of caspase-3 in the above concentrations, but this effect was not significant compared to the control. The results of alkaline comet test also showed that the rate of induction of apoptosis by toxin was upward compared to the control. Conclusion:The results of this study show that Dianthin-30 has anti-cancer effects and has caused death in breast cancer cells and this toxin probably induced apoptosis in cancer cells more than the non-mitochondrial pathway.
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