In this study, gas-fired kitchens of 54 bungalows and 25 apartments were studied using stationary indoor carbon monoxide (CO) monitoring. The levels of CO were measured in each kitchen for a period of 24 h with a 1 min resolution using data logger EL-USB-CO300. Hourly, 8 h and 24 h, CO means for all the kitchens were calculated. Hourly and 24 h CO means of kitchens for bungalows were 3.72±6.26 ppm and 3.72±3.16 ppm, respectively, while those apartments have 3.74±6.96 ppm and 3.74±2.17 ppm, respectively. 8 h CO means of night, day and evening in the kitchens of bungalows were 2.62±3.22 ppm, 4.85±4.66 ppm and 3.53±3.30 ppm, respectively, while in apartments 2.13±2.02 ppm, 3.79±3.86 ppm and 5.29±4.17 ppm. The mean difference between the 8 h CO concentrations during the evening in bungalows and apartments was 1.76±0.87 ppm (P<0.01). 20% of kitchens apartment and 16.67% of bungalows which exceeded the WHO guidelines for daily exposure limit.
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To evaluate the predictive significance of tumour size in patients undergoing curative surgery for colorectal cancer (CRC).
MethodsAll patients undergoing curative surgery for colon or rectum cancer performed by a single colorectal surgeon between January 2013 and January 2020 were considered eligible for inclusion. Linear and binary logistic regression analyses were modelled to assess whether colonic or rectal tumour size could predict R0 resection, specimen length, number of harvested and positive lymph nodes, lymphocytic infiltration, venous invasion, and overall survival.
ResultsA total of 192 patients were eligible for inclusion. In patients with colon cancer, tumour size was the independent predictor of the number of harvested lymph nodes (P<0.001), the number of positive lymph nodes (P=0.001), and lymphocytic infiltration (P=0.009). However, it did not predict R0 resection (P=0.563), specimen length (P=0.111), specimen length >120 mm (P=0.186), >12 harvested lymph nodes (P=0.145), venous invasion (P=0.103), and five-year overall survival (P=0.543). In patients with rectal cancer, tumour size was the independent predictor of the number of harvested lymph nodes (P<0.001) and the number of positive lymph nodes (P<0.001). However, it did not predict R0 resection (P=0.108), specimen length (P=0.774), specimen length >120 mm (P=0.405), >12 harvested lymph nodes (P= 0.069), lymphocytic infiltration (P=0.912), venous invasion (P= 0.105), and five-year overall survival (P=0.413).
ConclusionsThe results of the current study suggest that tumour size on its own may not have a significant predictive value in oncological or survival outcomes in patients undergoing curative surgery for colon or rectum cancer.
This article presents an empirical analysis of the Australian media representation of terrorism using the 2014 Sydney Lindt Café siege as a case in point to engage with the notion of moral panic. Deploying critical discourse analysis and case study as mixed methods, insights into trans-media narratives and aftermath of the terrifying siege are presented. While news media appeared to collaborate with the Australian right-wing government in the reporting of terrorism, social media posed challenges and raised security concerns for the state. Social media heightened the drama as sites were variously deployed by the perpetrator, activists and concerned members of the public. The amplified trans-media association of Muslims with terrorism in Australia and its national and global impact, in terms of the political exclusion of Muslims, are best described in this article in the form of an Islamophobic Moral Panic Model, invented for a rethink of the various stages of its occurrence, intensification and institutionalization.
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