Women are living with HIV into middle and older age and are likely to face multiple comorbidities and stressors as they age. This study focused on understanding how women who experience multiple forms of oppression and ongoing adversity are still able to adapt and stand strong. Using a theoretical framework of resilience and a feminist research ideology, interviews of eight middle-aged and older African American women living with HIV were analyzed. Despite experiences of HIV-related discrimination, trauma, and violence, these women demonstrated a remarkable ability to adapt and maintain support. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
Findings suggest that interventions are needed to combat avoidant coping (behavioral disengagement, denial, substance abuse) predeployment because this way of coping is strongly related to negative outcomes. In addition, those who work clinically with these families should work to reduce avoidant coping strategies and any familial dynamics exacerbated by this way of coping.
Emotionally focused therapy (EFT) is an empirically supported intervention for relationship distress with an established model of supervision. This study examined whether incorporating video feedback (VF) software into EFT supervision would improve therapists' level of development compared to traditional EFT supervision in a university training clinic. A concurrent multiplebaseline across subjects design, along with a thematic analysis of qualitative data, were used in this proof-ofconcept study of the new supervision component. Overall, quantitative findings suggested that using VF in EFT supervision resulted in some improvement to therapists' development, while qualitative findings showed that all participants supported the incorporation of VF into EFT supervision. Future research on VF is needed to provide additional insight into the use of video review supervision.
Because of the children only. My children and grandchildren are here, why would I want to return?" Throughout much of the history of the United States (U.S.), immigration has always been a source of population growth and cultural change. The recent changing demographics of the U.S. reflects the increasing number of older immigrants moving to the U.S., to reunite with their children as a result of the opportunities afforded by the Family Reunification Act of 1990(Wilmoth, 2010. This act offered many naturalized and legal immigrants the opportunity to encourage their parents to relocate to the U.S.Extended family living among immigrants tends to be higher compared with the U.S. born population. However, this varies based on country of origin and length of residence in the U.S. (Glick & Hook, 2002). There has been a steady increase in multigenerational families in the U.S. over the past decade. According to Pew Research Center, the analysis of U.S. Census Bureau data in 2016 revealed that the number of multigenerational households increased to 20% of the total U.S. population (Cohn & Passel, 2018). Specifically, about 29% of Asians lived in multigenerational households, compared to about 27% of Hispanics, 26% of Blacks, and 16% of Whites. These families typically consist of three or more generations co-residing, including grandparents and grandchildren younger than 25 years of age (Wilmoth, 2001). As Dykstra (2010) observed, "The new demographic circumstances in which family members of multiple generations share several decades together compel us to recognize that individuals are embedded in a complex web of vertical and horizontal ties" (p.1).
To better assist families experiencing stress, providers must understand the translation of family stress theory to their clinical application. The present study synthesized knowledge by performing a systematic review of journal articles published from 2010 to 2020. Studies were systematically screened, and 23 empirical articles met final inclusion. We reviewed how family stress theory was used in previous studies and what recommendations were suggested for mental health providers. Our findings revealed that family stress theory has primarily been used as a theoretical framework to measure stress variables. To advance the application of family stress theory in clinical work, we suggest a number of implications for providers based on our findings to better meet the needs of families.
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