Background Digital eye strain (DES) or computer vision syndrome (CVS) manifests as eye fatigue caused by prolonged exposure to screens and exaggerated by some attitudes. Online education plays a crucial role in helping schools, instructors, and universities ensure the continuity of the education process during the COVID-19 pandemic. There is a lack of attention given to the effects of online teaching on teachers’ eyes health during the pandemic and is nearly nonexistent. Hence, we aim to evaluate this among teachers in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Methodology A cross-sectional electronic self-administered questionnaire was distributed through social media applications among teachers in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia. The survey contained three main parts: biographical data, educational status, and eye health scale before and during the pandemic. All statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS version 22 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Results A total sample of 301 teachers was identified with ages ranging from 22 to 60 years, the majority were female (75.4%). Twenty-four point nine percent (24.9%) of the sample have a chronic disease, and 17.3% had previous LASIK surgery. Twenty-four point nine percent (24.9%) spent two to five hours teaching before the pandemic versus 60.8% with online education during the pandemic spent two to five hours daily. Fifty-two point eight percent (52.8%) of the teachers kept the distance between them and the digital screen at less than 50 cm. Eighty-one point four percent (81.4%) of teachers reported severe to moderate effects of online teaching using a computer/tablet/phone on their eye health. Fifty-two point two percent (52.2%) reported headache. Conclusion There is an obvious negative effect reflected by subjects’ symptomatology and complaints in their eyes. This should prompt health authorities to provide better teaching equipment and accessibility to essential eye care to teachers.
Background: Dry eye disease is a multifactorial chronic disorder of the ocular surface, which leads to symptoms of discomfort and distress. Dry eye disease is a global health concern and is one of the most frequent ocular diseases encountered in an ophthalmology clinic. The estimated prevalence of dry eye disease in the literature ranged from 7.4% to 93.2%. Saudi Arabia's population, especially in the eastern province, is at great risk of developing dry eye disease, however, there is hardly any nationwide study that assesses the prevalence of dry eye disease among the general population and its risk factors.Aim: The aim is to estimate the prevalence of dry eye disease and determine its risk factors among the general population of Saudi Arabia.Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study conducted on the general population of Saudi Arabia between September 2022 and November 2022. A convenient sampling technique was deployed for participant recruitment, where a self-administered questionnaire was created and dispersed to the general population all over the country with an invitation to participate in the study. Dry eye disease prevalence was assessed using Ocular Surface Disease Index survey. The Chi-square test was used to test for factors associated with the prevalence of dry eye disease, and undiagnosed dry eye disease. Multivariate logistic regression was also used to determine risk factors for dry eye disease.Results: A total of 1,381 participants were included in this study. The prevalence of dry eye disease among the general population of Saudi Arabia was observed to be (17.5%). Among the participants (11%) had mild dry eye disease, (4.7%) had moderate dry eye disease, and (1.7%) had a severe dry eye disease. Among those observed to have a dry eye disease, (58.09%) were not previously diagnosed. The following factors were observed to be significantly associated with having dry eye disease, being female, having thyroid disease, having systemic lupus erythematosus/rheumatoid arthritis, using antidepressants, using antihistamine/decongestants, using electronic devices for a prolonged time, using contact lenses, having a history of eye surgery, history of conjunctival/eyelid infection, and history corneal abrasions/erosions/ulceration. Conclusion: This study revealed that the prevalence of dry eye disease among the general population of Saudi Arabia is notably lower than what was observed in other local studies and similar to what was found in some global studies. Adjusted binary multivariate logistic regression revealed that the risk factors were only: being female, using antidepressants, using antihistamines/decongestants, and prolonged use of electronic devices.
Background: Due to the general increase in the use of social media, the increasing popularity of taking selfies and using filters, we found it essential to examine the effect of these behaviors on the perception and attitude toward blepharoplasty.Aim: This article was conducted to assess participants' attitudes and perceptions toward taking selfies and using filters and their relation to blepharoplasty.Methods: This study was an observational cross-sectional study undertaken in Saudi Arabia. The study targeted all adults in Saudi Arabia. The study subjects are adults living in Saudi Arabia who consented to participate in the study and have filled out the questionnaire fully between January and April 2022 while meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A convenient sampling technique was used for data collection. The Chi-square test was used to test for association.Results: A total of 466 participants were included in the study. (94.6%) of the participants reported taking selfies, with varying frequencies, with Snapchat being the most commonly used application (82.5%). Moreover, 87.05% of the participants reported using filters, and 96.08% of those who use filters used them from Snapchat. 45.5% of the participants reported comparing their eyelids with others' when seeing their selfies, 50.6% reported thinking that taking a selfie has a role in making a decision to undergo blepharoplasty, and 47.6% reported thinking that using filters has a role in making a decision to undergo blepharoplasty. Conclusion:This study reflected a notably high rate of taking selfies and using photo filters. The participants' assessment toward the impact of taking selfies and using filters on the decision to undergo blepharoplasty was observed to be moderate. Females were observed to have significantly higher rates of thinking that taking pictures and using filters influence the decision to undergo blepharoplasty compared to males.
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