Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the factors affecting fusion in girls treated for labial fusion retrospectively over a three-year period. Material and Method: The research has a cross-sectional design. The research sample consists of girls with ICD10 code Q52.5 who were brought to the hospital with labial fusion symptoms in a three-year period (January 2018-December 2020). The data were obtained from the hospital information system. Variables that were effective in labial fusion recurrence were determined by Chi-Square analysis, and the marginal effects of effective variables on recurrence were analyzed by Poison Regression analysis. Results: 52.9% of 308 cases were younger than one year old (mean age 4.36±1.10 months). Symptom presentation is 10.4% in children younger than one year of age, and 84.83% in older. The most commonly presented symptoms are pain, burning, soiling of underwear, and bad odor during urination. Labial fusion recurrence is 14.1% in children younger than one year of age, and 62.8% in older. Manual opening was applied in all cases, and weekly follow-ups were performed with topical treatment. The Poison Regression analysis revealed that a history of allergy (1.31 times; z:3.61, p:0.000), winter (0.86 times; z:3.22, p:0.001), and diaper dermatitis (1.22 times; z:5.19, p:0.000) increased the number of labial fusion recurrence. Conclusion: The findings of our study are similar to the literature in terms of factors causing labial fusion and treatment type. The recurrence rate was found to be higher in our study. It should be kept in mind that labial fusion is asymptomatic, especially in girls in the first year of life. Considering the possibility of recurrence of labial fusion, mothers and physicians examining the child should be aware of this issue.

Aim: Burn is a particular form of trauma that can occur with physical and/or chemical factors, affect all systems of organism, and be seen in all ages and genders. In our study, a retrospective analysis was made on the data of children treated in our burn unit over 4 years. Materials and Methods: The data of 266 patients hospitalized in the Pediatric Surgery Clinic's burn unit between January 2017 and December 2020 were obtained retrospectively from the hospital information management system. Results: In four years, the number of patients who were evaluated was 266. Ninety-seven of these patients are girls, and 169 of them are boys. The average age of all patients is 2.86 years. (Average: 2.92 for girls, 2.81 for boys). Conclusion: Patient treatments are customized according to the depth and width of the burn. With an approach specific to each child, individualized treatment plans, which consider the quality of life of the child and parents, will increase the effectiveness of the treatment. Individualized treatment plans, with specific approaches towards each child in consideration of the quality of life of the child and/or their parents, would increase the effectiveness of the treatments.

Background/Aim: Spontaneous pneumothorax is a serious health concern due to its life-threatening nature. It occurs when air sacs in the lungs rupture, causing air to accumulate in the chest cavity and making normal breathing difficult. Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) refers to the accumulation of air in the pleural space without any traumatic or iatrogenic cause. The objectives of our study are to identify the predisposing factors in PSP patients, determine which patients should undergo genetic analysis, and present the results of a new treatment algorithm. Methods: This study is a retrospective cohort analysis of children diagnosed with PSP and admitted to the emergency department or pediatric surgery clinic. The study evaluates demographic data, radiological findings, and molecular genetic analyses of these patients. Treatment planning was conducted using thoracic computed tomography (CT) or high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) after the acute phase, and eligible patients were selected for genetic analysis based on syndromes commonly associated with PSP. Results: The study included 14 patients, 10 boys and four girls, with an average age of 16.14 (0.95) years. PSP was detected on the right side in nine male patients and on the left side in one male patient, while in girls, it was detected on the right side in two patients and on the left side in two patients. Radiological findings included air cysts, fibrotic changes, and pleural thickening. Folliculin (FLCN) mutation was detected in two patients after genetic analysis. Conclusion: In the stratified treatment protocol, radiological findings were used as a guide, and the detection of possible syndromic mutations by genetic analysis was deemed important for future management.