A new natural dye was extracted from Bisham plant then applied to cotton and linen fabrics. The thermal stability of these fabrics in their blank state then dyed by this natural dye (Commiphora-gileadensis), and then mordanted by different mordants that are; Alum (Potassium and Aluminum Sulfate) AL 2 K 2 (SO 4 ).24H 2 OChrome (Potassium di-Chromate K 2 Cr 2 O 7 ) and Ferrous sulfate (FeSO 4 .7H 2 O) which were applied separately. Thermal analysis is a convenient, useful and reproducible method for characterizing complex organic materials. Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), its differential (DTG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to evaluate the effect of mordanting cotton and linen fabric on their thermal behaviour. These techniques can distinguish between different fiber generic types and between different mordants applied to their dyed fabrics. It was possible to detect the presence of the mordant component when present in small proportions. Although cotton and linen fabrics produce the same DTG peaks, they can be differentiated as their main endothermic peaks occur at significantly different temperature (about 348,339 o C respectively).Also, linen fabric produces an asymmetrical deep peak compared with the sharper, more symmetrical peak of cotton.
ABSTRACT:The presented research deals with modifying the chemical structure of the cellulosic cotton fabrics by introducing amino groups as new active centers. The properties of the resulting aminated cotton, dimethylaminoethyl (DMAE)-cotton, are evaluated and discussed by studying the dyeability, light fastness characteristics, and fading kinetics. The goal of this study was achieved. The modification succeeded in saving energy by decreasing both the dyeing time and temperature, and the dyeability and light fastness characteristics were improved.
I N this article we studied the effect of surface modification of polyester (PET) and silk fabrics by their exposure to cold plasma. The cold plasma was carried out using oxygen as a working gas and different plasma device parameters have been studied such as: different time, different current and different hydrostatic pressure using plasma/Oxygen. Treated fabrics are characterized by the measurements and evaluation of mechanical properties, air permeability, Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) and the changes in surface morphological of pretreated fabrics were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDX)). The nano-silver particles were prepared by green synthesis method, then were characterized by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Zeta Potential and particle size. The exposed plasma fabrics at optimum conditions were modified with the prepared nanosilver. The antibacterial activity properties for treatedfabrics against gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aurous) and gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) were examined. The SEM results confirmed that there was a significant increase in roughness of the surface for all treated fabrics. The results of mechanical properties showed that plasma treatment had not destructive effect on the physical properties of the fabrics. The results obtained clarify that the ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) values increase for polyester exposed fabrics but the increase is not significant for silk fabrics while antibacterial properties were highly improved by all treated fabrics.
WORKING standard must be stable, thus the material should be tested for stability and homogeneity testing complying ISO standard methods with detailed description of how their features and characteristics facilitate all aspects of good laboratory practice (GLP). Stock solutions of (4000) NTU formazin turbidity suspensions were prepared, from this stock a series of diluted suspensions were prepared, and then verified by testing their pH, and spectrophotmatric absorbance values in accordance with published international models. Finally the statistical parameters and accompanied uncertainty for each certified value was calculated. The prepared stock working standard (4000 NTU) solutions were verified via applying the requirements of ISO/IEC 17034 for the homogeneity and stability testing. The results obtained verified the homogeneity and the stability of these working standards as a primary stock for about one year shelf time stability. These prepared stock solutions can be used as working standards for calibrations of turbidity meters that used for testing the turbidity of textile waste water effluents. The main goal of the study is the developing of these standards locally in Egypt. As an applied part the turbidity values of the scouring solutions from different textile fabrics -were measured, these fabrics were ; cotton, wool, silk, nylon and polyester, after calibration of the used turbiditmeter once by the purchased formazin standards and another time by the prepared working standards. Where comparable results were obtained which ensured the suitability of these prepared working standards.
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