To investigate the seed protein and major mineral nutrient [iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), phosphorus (P), and nitrogen (N)] contents and their accumulation procedure in the seeds of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), a biennial experiment was conducted under two contrasting moisture regimes (normal irrigation and water deficit). Seed reserves of eight genotypes (WA4502-1, WA4531-17, Akhtar, D81083, AND1007, KS21486, MCD4011, and COS16) were investigated at four stages of seed filling period (SFP). Split-plot experiments were performed as randomized complete block design with four replications. The results showed significant differences in the evaluated characteristics in both factors, the genotypes, and the moisture regimes. Iron content of the seeds was affected the most by drought stress and reduced in all stages, while seed nitrogen Downloaded by [Selcuk Universitesi] at 13:55 02 January 2015 ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 2and protein contents were affected the least under stress condition. The percentages of reductions due to water deficit were higher in stage 1 for Fe, stage 2 for Zn, and stage 4 for P and N. In stage 3, minerals had the least changes. Nitrogen content of the seeds at mid-stages of SFP increased slightly under drought stress. Drought stress also caused 39-69% reductions in the grain yield of the genotypes. Under drought stress condition, the concentrations of Fe and N in the white bean seeds were less than that of the red and the Chitti genotypes. However, the seed P contents of the white bean seeds were higher than that of the other genotypes.
In this paper, we obtain the solutions of a cauchy problems for differential equations with the Caputo fractional derivative and the solution of fractional Diffusion-Wave equation by using Sumudu transform techniques. The results presented here are in compact and elegant expressed in term of Mittag-Leffler function and generalized Mittag-Leffler function which are suitable for numerical computation.
Aim
Given the prolongation of the newly emerging COVID-19 pandemic and the significance of caring for the patients by nursing staff, investigating and planning for the different psychological dimensions of this group is of paramount importance. Hence, this study investigated the role of spiritual intelligence in predicting nurses' empathizing with COVID-19 patients.
Methods
This descriptive-correlation study was conducted in 2021 on nurses caring for COVID-19 patients in three public hospitals. The researchers used two standard questionnaires, including the Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE) and Spiritual Intelligence (SI), for data collection. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS16 using descriptive statistics and the following: The Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal–Wallis test, Regression, chi-square test, and Pearson and Spearman correlations.
Results
The statistical population consisted of 338 nurses with an average age of 34 and ten years of work experience. There was a significant positive relationship between the empathy scores and spiritual intelligence scores of the nurses caring for COVID-19 patients (P<0.05). It was also concluded from the regression analysis that, spiritual intelligence affect empathy. Mean score of empathy was higher in hospitals where more nursing staff had MSc degrees. There was a significant difference between the empathy scores of the three hospitals (P<0.05).
Conclusion
The results indicated that there is a positive relationship between empathy and spiritual intelligence. Therefor improving spiritual intelligence is the appropriate strategy to ameliorate empathy during the COVID19 pandemic. At the same time, study indicated attention to the issue of nurses' mental health. Hence, it was suggested to incorporate these issues in the training programs and national/international decisions.
This study was conducted in the crop years 2007-1010 and aimed to evaluate the effects of previous crops and use of nitrogen (N) fertilizer on rapeseed productivity in Ahwaz, Iran. The previous crops were: i) barley + clover; ii) rapeseed; iii) corn; iv) mung-bean; v) rice; and vi) wheat. N fertilizer was applied to rapeseed at rates of 0, 100, 160 and 220 kg ha-1. The effects of management on yield, and product oil content and oil yield were assessed. The effect of the previous crop and the use made of N fertilizer both affected rapeseed productivity. The results of two repeated experiments showed that the lowest seed and oil yields were obtained when unfertilized rapeseed followed rice. The highest seed and oil yields were obtained when rapeseed production followed mung-bean as the previous crop (range 160-220 kg ha-1 N rate). Among yield components, previous crops and N rates significantly influenced the silique number per unit area, and this showed a similar variation to that of seed yield. Data averaged across 2-year periods indicated that the highest oil content occurred in unfertilized rapeseed plots when the effects of the previous crop were not significant. Nevertheless, rapeseed following mung-bean receiving 150-220 kg ha-1 N rates produced the highest yield in the two years in which the experiment was repeated. Rapeseed following mung-bean and receiving 160 kg N.ha-1 had also the highest nutrient use efficiency parameters
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