We investigated the feasibility of profiling and measuring the concentration of clusterin in urine and serum for individuals with transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder and comparing it with nontumor controls. In addition, we analyzed the correlation of expression of clusterin in specimens of TCC to various clinicopathologic parameters and prognosis of bladder cancer. Blood and urine samples were used from 68 patients with TCC of the bladder and from 61 patients with benign urological diseases. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were performed for clusterin from serum and urine. Quantitation of clusterin mRNA was carried out in 68 bladder tumor specimens from radical cystectomy or transurethral resection and 26 normal bladder specimens from BPH patients by using RT-PCR method. Correlation for the expression of clusterin mRNA with clinicopathologic parameters was analyzed. Serum and urine clusterin was significantly higher in individuals with bladder cancer than control (p = 0.001). Sensitivity and specificity of serum and urine clusterin as a tumor marker for TCC of the bladder was found to be 80%, 91%, 87.1% and 96.7% respectively. Clusterin expression was significantly higher in TCC specimens than normal tissue specimens (P < 0.001). Expression of clusterin was significantly higher in patients with invasive TCC of the bladder than that in patients with superficial TCC and control (P < 0.001). Overexpression of clusterin mRNA was significantly associated with tumor recurrence and overall survival (p < 0.001). The recurrence-free survival time of patients with overexpression of clusterin was significantly shorter than that of patients with weak expression of clusterin (9.8 months vs. 35.2 months). Clusterin may be considered as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for bladder cancer using urine, serum and/or molecular biology techniques.
'Positive Transferrin receptor -1 (CD71) expression in patients with ALL is adverse prognostic factor and should be taken in consideration in designing future therapeutic strategies based on patient- specific risk factors'.
Background: As a result of prematurity, Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurs commonly in preterm neonates and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. (AKI) is defined as a rapid, potentially reversible deterioration in renal functions sufficient to result in accumulation of nitrogenous wastes in the body. Aim of the Study: the aim of this study was to determine whether preterm neonates who took caffeine citrate from the first day after birth were less likely to AKI within the first 7 days. Patients and Methods: This case control study was conducted on 100 preterm neonates at Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUS), Pediatric Department, Tanta University with gestational age less than (30 weeks) were grouped into group A and B. Group A 50 preterm neonates who received caffeine citrate from the first day after birth with dose (20 mg/kg) loading dose, and (5 mg/kg/dose) every 24hrs of maintenance dose, given as slow intravenous infusion over twenty to thirty minutes for a week. Group B 50 preterm neonates who did not receive caffeine citrate. Inclusion Criteria: all preterms <30 weeks admitted within first 24 hours after birth presented by respiratory distress according to Downes score. Exclusion Criteria: newborns with congenital heart disease except non-significant PDA, neonatal mortality < 48 h of life, clinical signs suggest chromosomal anomalies, newborns with congenital renal anomalies. Hematological Investigations: serum albumin, serum creatinine, blood urea. Urinary Investigations: measuring urine output. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the two studied groups as regard serum creatinine in day (5,7) (p<0.001), urea in day 7 (p value <0.001), serum albumin in day (5,7) (p value ≤ 0.05), urine output in day (4,5,6,7) (p value ≤0.05), AKI incidence (p value <0.001). Conclusion: Caffeine Citrate administration in preterm neonates from the first day of life for one week was associated with reduced occurrence and severity of AKI.
Background: Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) is a life-threatening problem, and the early clinical manifestations of it are non-specific. Despite the advances in laboratory & radiological diagnostic procedures, the mortality rate of AMI is still high. Aim: The purpose of the study to evaluate the ability of α-glutathione S-transferase (α-GST) to predict AMI in patients with abdominal pain. Methods: This prospective study was conducted in Tanta University Hospitals between November 2014 and December 2017. Nighty patients were included after clinical suspicious of AMI. Serum levels of α-GST were measured in the collected stored samples, and other biochemical markers were performed (e.g. LDH, PH, and WBC). AMI was confirmed by CT angiography or laparotomy. Patients without ischemic bowel were considered to be controls. Results: A total of 90 patients in the study, the ischemic group included 52 patients, and the non-ischemic group included 38 patients. Patients with intestinal ischemia had significant higher serum values of D-dimer, LDH and α-GST. Where α-GST diagnosed AMI by accuracy of 84.4%. Conclusion: Measurement of plasma α-GST is a simple, early, easy, and effective procedure making it a useful serum biomarker for early diagnosis of AMI.
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