By feeding on the tested larval diets (cotton flower, cotton bolls, corn ears, tomato fruits and heads of sunflower), no significant differences in the egg incubation period of H. armigera were found. The rate of hatchability was greatly affected when rearing on the diet formulated by Shorey (1962) and Taman (1972). The larva moulted 4 to 5 times before it is fully grown. A high rate (95.9 °%) of the larvae fed on the formulated diet moulted 4 times, while all larvae fed on tomato moulted 5 times. Larvae fed on corn ears or the formulated diet had the shortest duration, while those fed on tomato had the longest duration. The short larval duration was associated with a low larval mortality. The shortest pupal duration was generally in treatment reared on corn ears, the longest duration was in treatment reared on cotton bolls. High rate of pupal mortality occurred in treatment reared on cotton flowers, the lowest rate was in treatment reared on cotton bolls. Rearing the larvae on tomato caused the least number of eggs/female, whereas the highest fecundity was found in individuals reared on corn ears. The formulated diet proved successful in rearing H. armigera all through its developmental stages and the female moth had a normal rate of fecundity, yet the rate of hatch‐ability was greatly affected. Rearing on tomato gave normal development, but egg‐productivity was seriously affected. Zusammenfassung Wirkungen verschiedener Nahrung auf Entwicklung und Vermehrung von Heliothis armigera Hbn. Bei Ernährung der Raupen der Getreideeule Heliothis armigera Hb. mit verschiedener Pflanzennahrung (Baumwollblüten, Baumwollkapseln, Getreideähren, Tomatenfrüchte, Sonnenblumen‐Blütenstände) ergab sich kein Unterschied in der Entwicklungszeit der von den nachfolgenden Faltern abgelegten Eier. Dagegen war der Anteil der geschlüpften Eiraupen nach Ernährung der vorangegangenen Raupengeneration mit künstlicher Diät stark reduziert. Die an dieser Diät fressenden Raupen hatten zum überwiegenden Teil 4 Häutungen gegenüber 5 bei Fütterung mit Tomaten. Die Entwicklungsdauer der Larven war bei Ernährung mit Getreideähren sowie mit Kunstfutter am kürzesten, bei Ernährung mit Tomaten am längsten. Der kürzesten Larvenzeit entsprach eine niedrigere Mortalität. Die kürzeste Puppenentwicklung wurde bei Fütterung der Raupen mit Getreideähren, die längste bei Aufzucht an Baumwollblüten erzielt. Letztere induzierten eine hohe Raupenmortalität, Baumwollkapseln dagegen eine niedrigere. Die geringste Eizahl zeigten Falter, die aus Aufzuchten der Raupen an Tomaten hervorgingen, die höchste Eizahl solche, die von Getreideähren fressenden Raupen abstammten. Die verwendete künstliche Diät ermöglidite eine erfolgreiche Entwicklung aller Stadien von H. armigera, die entstandenen Falter zeigten normale Vermehrungspotenz, jedoch war die Schlüpfrate der Eier stark vermindert. Die Aufzucht der Raupen an Tomaten ergab eine normale Entwicklung, jedoch eine erheblich reduzierte Ei‐Produktion.
The ability of the pilonidal sinuses to spread laterally into both gluteal regions, governed by the skin vulnerability, raises the theoretical probability of a similar skin characteristic of the donor site from which most of the flaps used for repair of the PNS are taken. The present study aimed at a clinical outcome and histologic study of the use of paraspinal transposition flap for treatment of recurrent pilonidal sinus disease. This was a prospective clinical study that enrolled all patients who presented to our General Surgery Clinic, Kasralainy Hospital, Cairo University, with recurrent pilonidal sinus in the period from July 2007 till August 2017. They underwent excision of their pilonidal sinus and the use of paraspinal transposition flap to cover the defect. Histologic studies were done for the skin from both areas. This study ended up with 84 adult patients with recurrent pilonidal disease. The follow-up period ranged from 9 to 108 months (mean 70.45 months). All the patients reported pain scores from 0 to 3 during the first postoperative week. Incidence of early minor complications including mild wound dehiscence, sloughing at the tip of the flap, wound infection, and edema occurred in 21 patients (25%). Three patients developed recurrence (3.57%). Histological examination revealed deep pits lined by stratified squamous epithelium (SSE) at the macroscopic healthy skin at the edge of resection. Those changes were absent in biopsies from the flap skin. The paraspinal flap has good results in management of recurrent pilonidal disease. Also, histological findings suggest that the skin over both glutei is as vulnerable as the skin of the excised sinus which is different from the skin over the lower back. This explains that use of that skin to cover the defect is more prone to develop recurrence.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.