One of the major challenges of fixed clinical orthodontics is the correction of deep overbite. Mini screw implants are ideally suited for absolute intrusion because they make it possible to apply light continuous forces of known magnitudes without producing any reciprocal reactionary effect on posterior teeth. The purpose of this FEM study was to evaluate and compare the stresses generated in maxillary anterior region during absolute en masse intrusion of six maxillary teeth using mini-implants at strategic locations. Materials and methods: Finite element model was generated using FEM software ANSYS and, on the same model, two different analyses were carried out for two groups with different points of force application as Group I consisted of two bilateral implants for en masse intrusion of maxillary anteriors and Group II consisted of a single mid implant. Results: Soft and hard bones showed significantly high stress distribution in Group I as compared to Group II. The total tooth deformation was found to be more with single point of force application which produced oblique force vectors. Conclusion: Stresses on the teeth are higher and distributed more evenly, when the point of force application is bilateral rather than a single source. Bilateral implants generate less stresses which are evenly distributed with minimum detrimental effect on the teeth during absolute intrusion.
Objectives: Deep bite or increased overbite correction often offers a challenge to the clinician during orthodontic treatment. Bite opening with conventional mechanics in high angle cases which require intrusion of anteriors cause reciprocal forces in the posteriors which is undesired. Absolute or true en masse intrusion mechanics using mini-implants are ideal for such cases. This study explores the rate, amount of intrusion and torque changes of maxillary anteriors over a period of 6 months using mini-implants between canine and lateral incisors bilaterally.
Materials and methods:Bilateral mini-implants made by Dentos were placed between lateral incisors and canines and a force of 45 gm per side was applied. Pre-and postlateral cephalograms were evaluated for the rate, amount of intrusion and torque changes.Results: Rate of intrusion of incisors was found out to be 0.43 mm/month and rate of intrusion of canines was found out to be 0.18 mm/month and the torque changes observed were nonsignificant.
Conclusion:Mini-implants were used to deliver light continuous forces of optimal magnitudes and they were observed to be efficient and stable source of anchorage for en masse intrusion of the maxillary anterior teeth. The amount of intrusion achieved for six maxillary anterior teeth was statistically and clinically significant without significant torque changes.
Conventional techniques for biological tooth movement is routinely achieved at a slow rate and in high anchorage cases where individual canine retraction is indicated lasts for 6 to 8 months, followed by retraction of the incisors. Hence, the overall treatment time taken is about 18 to 24 months. Rapid canine distalization through dentoalveolar distraction (DAD) technique can be achieved within 2 to 3 weeks with this technique. This clinically efficient method significantly reduces the overall treatment time without causing any serious discomfort or damage to the patient. In this technique osteotomies surrounding the canines are made to achieve rapid movement of the canines within the dentoalveolar segment, in compliance with distraction osteogenesis principles.
How to cite this article
Virang B, Belludi A, Bhardwaj A, Padmawar S, Virang P. Canines on a Fast Track: Canine Distalization by Dentoalveolar Distraction Osteogenesis. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2013;2(1):44-49.
Introduction: One of the major challenges of fixed clinical orthodontics is the correction of deep overbite. Miniscrew implants are ideally suited for absolute intrusion because they make it possible to apply light continuous forces of known magnitudes without producing any reciprocal reactionary effect on posterior teeth. The purpose of this finite element method (FEM) study was to evaluate and compare the stresses generated in maxillary anterior region during absolute en masse intrusion of six maxillary teeth using mini-implants at strategic locations.
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