Case reports of delusion of pregnancy have emanated from all over the world, yet the rarity of this phenomenology has precluded systematic large scale descriptive or cohort studies. This systematic review was conducted to assess the demographic characteristics, clinical profile, treatment outcome and aetiological factors from the published case reports of delusion of pregnancy. Electronic databases including PubMed, PsychInfo and Google Scholar were used to identify case reports relating to delusion of pregnancy published in peer-reviewed English language journals. All such cases were systematically evaluated by investigators, and information was extracted using a structured proforma. A total 40 articles were reviewed which included 84 cases. Demographic characteristics revealed that about half of the patients were aged 20-40 years. The most common diagnoses were schizophrenia (35.7%), bipolar disorders (16.7%) and depression (9.5%). Single foetus was reported by 79.8% of the patients, and 45.2% perceived foetal movements. Good treatment response was noted in 64.3 % of the cases. The prominent aetiological factors that were implicated included psychosocial factors, coenaesthopathological processes, socio-cultural factors and hyperprolactinaemia. Delusion of pregnancy is a heterogeneous symptom which emerges during the course of various neuropsychiatric disorders. A range of aetiopathological mechanisms have been implicated in the causation of this disorder.
Psychiatric comorbidity, especially depression is common in patients with migraines and tension type headache. Quality of life and functional ability are significantly impaired in these patients. The clinician should remain aware of consequences of prolonged headache, and should provide timely intervention.
Background:General hospital psychiatric units (GHPUs) are one of the major service and training providers in the field of mental health in India. However, there has not been any systematic attempt at their contributions toward research.Aim:The present paper reports on contributions of the GHPUs toward the psychiatric research based on analysis of publications in the Indian Journal of Psychiatry (IJP).Materials and Methods:All the issues of IJP of the last 25 years (1989-2013) were manually searched for original research papers, brief reports, and case reports. A semi-structured performa was used to collect information on various parameters.Results:About two-thirds of the papers were contributed by the GHPUs, most being multi-authored and from tertiary care centers. The research covered a variety of psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia, mood disorders, and common mental disorders. Most of the research reported was self-funded.Conclusion:GHPUs have contributed significantly to psychiatric research in India in the last 25 years.
Background: There is limited literature available on the diagnosis and treatment of dual disorders in non-western settings. Objectives: The present study aims to describe the profile of patients diagnosed at a dual disorders clinic over a period of 12 years. Patients and Methods: This retrospective study analyzed the case records of patients registered in the dual diagnosis clinic of the national drug dependence treatment centre (NDDTC) in Ghaziabad. Information relating to the demographics of the sample, substance use disorders, and psychiatric disorders were extracted from the case records. The association between the use of specific substances and psychiatric illnesses was assessed. Results: The study included 492 patients, the majority of whom were male, married, and employed. Psychotic disorders were the largest category among the comorbid psychiatric disorders (38.7%), followed by depressive disorders (27.5%), and bipolar disorders (20.0%). Among the patients with primarily psychotic disorders, 40.8% were deemed to have substance-induced psychosis. Cannabis use had greater odds of being associated with psychotic disorders, opiates and benzodiazepines with depressive disorders, and alcohol with anxiety disorders. Conclusions: The establishment of a dual diagnosis clinic offers an opportunity to gain further insights into the characteristics of patients diagnosed with dual disorders. It may also offer opportunities for training health-care personnel, evaluating specific treatment approaches, and providing comprehensive services customized to the patients' needs.
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