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After laparoscopic stripping of endometrioma, intracorporeal suturing showed less damage on ovarian reserve as compared with bipolar electrocoagulation. Therefore, hemostatic suturing technique may be considered as a better choice after laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy.

Background Studies on the impact of adenomyosis and its pregnancy complications have yielded conflicting results. Objective To determine the likelihood of adverse pregnancy outcomes among women with adenomyosis relative to women without adenomyosis. Search strategy PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for studies published up to June 15, 2018. Selection criteria Observational studies with medically confirmed pregnancy outcomes as endpoints. Data collection and analysis Two researchers independently screened and selected relevant studies. Dichotomous data for all adverse pregnancy outcomes were expressed as an odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI), and combined in a meta‐analysis by using a random‐effects model. Main results Six studies (322 cases and 9420 controls) were eligible for inclusion in the meta‐analysis. Women with adenomyosis had an increased likelihood of preterm birth (OR, 3.05; 95% CI, 2.08–4.47; P˂0.001), small for gestational age (OR, 3.22; 95% CI, 1.71–6.08; P˂0.001), and pre‐eclampsia (OR, 4.35; 95% CI, 1.07–17.72; P=0.042). Conclusion Adenomyosis seems to have a detrimental impact on pregnancy outcomes, resulting in a higher likelihood of preterm birth, small for gestational age, and pre‐eclampsia.

Introduction:Anterior and posterior vaginal repair (APR) is a common surgery for women with prolapse of pelvic organs which creates post-operative pain because of damage of tissues that we should manage and control this pain. For this purpose, this study was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of preemptive pudendal nerve block on post-operative pain in anterior and posterior vaginal wall repair.Materials and Methods:In a double-blinded clinical trial study, 60 women candidates of APR were randomly divided to two groups. In both of them was injected 0.3 cc/kg bupivacaine 0.25% for the intervention group or normal saline for the control group in pudendal nerve tract with the guide of nerve stimulator. A visual analog scale was used to measure pain during the first 48 h after the surgery. Data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA).Results:Compared with the intervention group, the control group experienced greater pain during rest and walking. There were significant differences between the two groups from the first post-operative hour (P = 0.003) until 48 h after the operation (P = 0.021). Furthermore, the mean ± SD values of pain in the sitting position was not significantly different between control and intervention groups at the same time (P = 0.340).Conclusion:Preemptive pudendal nerve block can reduce post-operative pain score in anterior and posterior vaginal wall repair and this method was suggested in anterior and posterior vaginal wall repair.

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Prophylactic bilateral salpingectomy at the time of laparoscopic hysterectomy neither has a negative effect on ovarian reserve nor increases the surgical risk. Therefore, we may recommend gynecologic surgeons to perform prophylactic bilateral salpingectomy during laparoscopic hysterectomy to conserve both ovaries.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the causative agent of cervical cancer and a suspected agent for ovarian and endometrial cancers in women. It is associated with adverse outcomes during pregnancy. To date, there is no estimate of the prevalence of HPV infection in pregnant women at the regional and global levels. This study evaluated the global prevalence of HPV infection based on all observational studies that had reported the prevalence of HPV among pregnant women between January 1980 and December 2021 in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and SciELO databases. We utilised a random-effect model to determine the global prevalence and related risk factors of HPV infection. Between-studies heterogeneity was assessed using I 2 statistic. Moreover, subgroup and meta-regression analyses were employed to assess the source of heterogeneity and the relationship between HPV prevalence and socio-demographic factors, respectively. Among 144 eligible studies comprising 189 datasets, the overall prevalence rates of HPV at the 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated as 30.38% (26.88%-33.99%), 17.81% (9.81%-27.46%), 32.1% (25.09%-39.67%), 2.26% (0.1%-8.08%) and 25.5% (23.3%-27.8%) in cervico-vaginal, placenta, serum, amniotic fluid and urine samples, respectively. The highest prevalence rates were estimated for countries in the African region, while countries in the European and Eastern Mediterranean regions showed the lowest prevalence rates. HPV-16 and -18 were the most prevalent isolated strains. The pregnant women living with HIV and those with pregnancy disorders had significantly higher prevalence rates than general pregnant women (p < 0.05). The younger ages for first intercourse and pregnancy, multiple lifetime sexual partners, and lower education levels were primary risk factors for HPV infection. In conclusion, although the overall HPV prevalence varied markedly based on sampling sites and geographical locations, the highest prevalence rates were observed in less-developed countries. Our findings imply that implementing