This study aims to examine the Victorian novel Tess of the D'urbervilles to explore the general social construction of women which prescribes images and roles for them and moulds them accordingly. The researcher selected Thomas Hardy’s Tess of the D’Urbervilles, which portrays the plight of women in Victorian England. This qualitative study makes a thorough analysis of the female protagonist who is exploited by the social prescription of her identity and concludes that the female figure is no more than the kaleidoscopic images of hers drawn by others. The study applies the concept of social construction with feministic insight. It hints that women cannot attain full potential until they and society establish their existential rights as empowered and independent human beings. It points out that the resistance against the dominant patriarchal ideologies endows women with a new image and identity, and ensures the possibilities to break away from social prescription.

Problem and aim of the study: This article deals with the causes of the scary rise of sectarian Intolerance, violence, and prejudices in Pakistan. This article also investigates that how sectarian intolerance causes violence in society and what strategies should imply to curtail sectarianism from society?  Research methods: The research is qualitative, and applies the inductive and deductive methodology to the collected data. The data has been derived from the South Asian Terrorism Portal and to analyze the authenticity the author has collected the shared information from published articles, researches, and government official website that provide the statistics about violence and terrorism. Main findings: The study concludes by arguing the dire need for the promulgation and dissemination of inclusive thoughts for attaining a tolerant society free from sectarian intolerance because the implications of sectarian violence are a great threat to the peace process in the country. Application of the study: This study has significant implications from both a theoretical and a realistic perspective. The present study would be useful for policy-makers, to curtail the sectarianism in State. Therefore, the banning of sectarian speeches, sectarian literature, has been strongly suggested. The government should place a moratorium on the printing of sectarian literature for sectarian unity. The study also has tried to make realize to the state actors, including security forces and intelligence agencies, to avoid blame foreign involvement in sectarian polarization and why they ignore the fault lines destabilizing Pakistan's social fabric since Pakistan's inception. Therefore, the study would doubtlessly help decrease unpleasant incidents and reduce religious fanaticism. Originality and novelty of the study: This is the fact that in the existing literature the least attention has been given to sectarianism in Pakistan. The present study aims to deals with the social, religious, and political aspects of sectarian violence. Therefore, this is the first study that has investigated sectarian violence by exploring the issue of sectarianism from a social, religious, and political perspective.

The present research work was carried out on phytodiversity in relation to some environmental factors of three ponds namely, Pond-1, Pond-2 and Pond-3 of Zanjira upazila at Shariatpur district, Bangladesh where a total of 13 parameters were measured for one year. Monthly average different parameters of three ponds varied : air temperature from 23.5-36.50˚  C, water temperature 21-30.50 ˚  C,pH 7.10-8.50, TDS 55-227 mg/l, EC 103-463 μS/cm, DO 2.90-19.94 mg/l, alkalinity 0.73-5.40 meq/l, SRP 7.11-229.84 μg/l, SRS0.84-13.34 mg/l, NO3-N0.02-0.96 mg/l, chla1. 18-31.97 μg/l, phaeopigment 0.26-5.46 μg/l and phytoplankton density 6.50-119.50×106 ind/l. The total number of 122 species of phytoplankton were recorded in the studied ponds. Phytoplankton density showed positive correlation with air temperature, water temperature, pH, TDS, EC, alkalinity and SRP for Pond-1. Phytoplankton density showed positive correlation with pH, TDS, EC, DO and alkalinity for Pond-2. On the other hand phytoplankton density of Pond-3 showed positive correlation with air temperature, water temperature, TDS, EC, alkalinity, SRP, SRS, NO3-N and chlorophyll-a. During the period of present investigation some aquatic plants were found to grow in those shallow margins of the studied three ponds. Results indicated that Pond-1 is in a position undergoing eutrophic status, Pond-2 and Pond-3 are in the oligotrophic status. If the anthropogenic disturbances are continued in these ponds, it is likely that in near future these ponds would turn to eutrophic. Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(4): 1087-1094, 2021 (December)