The objective (aim) of this paper is to explore the impact of the Ease of Doing Business Indicators on FDI on transition economies in Europe. Authors have used the dynamic panel methodology, by using three methods: Pooled Ordinary Least Square (POLS), Fixed Effect (FE), and Two Step-System Generalised Method of Moments (GMM) estimation techniques. By referring to the GMM technique, it can be seen that variables such as: Starting a Business, Registering property, Getting electricity and Resolving insolvency have a positive and significant impact in attracting FDI in 16 European transition countries, while variables as: Dealing with construction permits, Getting credit, Paying taxes, Protecting minority investors, have shown negative impact, whereas Trading Across Border and Enforcing contracts have not shown any impact on attracting FDIs in European transition countries. This paper contributes to the enrichment of existing literature in this field by using these three methods.
The main objective of this paper is to investigate the impact of the investment environment on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the Republic of Kosovo, by employing IV-GMM times series estimator, where Control of Corruption and Political Stability, Absence of Violence/Terrorism and Distance to frontier score (Doing Business) are used as main variables, while as pull factors are used GDP per capita, unemployment rate and profit tax rate.Further, The empirical findings reveal that Control of Corruption and Political Stability and Absence of Violence/Terrorism have positive and significant effect on attracting FDI flows, while Distance to frontier score (Doing Business) has shown negative effect on FDI flows in the case of Republic of Kosovo for the time period 2009q1-2016q4.Furthermore, This paper for the first time tries to address the Kosovo case, using the IV-GMM estimator method and handling the above mentioned variables over this time period, presenting a unique case with regard to the Republic of Kosovo because, from our best knowledge, has not been addressed before such nexus for the case of Kosovo.In addition, This paper will also contribute to the existing literature rather than solving the existing debate among scholars, by using these measures to investigate their impact on attracting FDI in a transition country such as the Republic of Kosovo.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of corruption on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the Western Balkans countries,
Background: Digital marketing is a new form of business management and promotion, namely promoting services and products of (SMEs)small and medium enterprises. Despite the importance of digital marketing, SMEs in developing and post-transition countries still do not fully utilize the benefits of digital marketing. Objectives: This study aims to analyse the DIY (do-it-yourself) model and the impact that this model has on digital marketing adoption. Methods/Approach: The online survey research was conducted among 194 SME managers in Kosovo. The proposed research model was analysed by partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). Results: Findings show that the degree of perception of ease of use impacts the process of digital marketing adoption. Moreover, the degree of control seems to be the most important factor impacting process of the digital marketing in SMEs. Conclusions: SMEs use DIY marketing and adopt digital marketing because this form of practicing marketing activities offers more control for companies in their marketing activities. In addition, perceived ease of use of technology facilitates the process of digital marketing adoption among SMEs. Finally, the study provides insights for managers and businesses using DIY marketing and adopting the process of the digital marketing in SMEs.
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