Photogrammetric grid is the generation of processing system (which is one of the remote sensing techniques) with efficiency developed based on imaging and computer cluster parallel processing; the new application of photogrammetric technique has been applied on the Castel-Gate of Erbil city. It is a way of analyzing the objects especially for a traditional one "the castle in the ancient city of Erbil". This paper got the analysis of Erbil Castel-Gate structure using visible & IR spectral band analysis for transmission and absorption energy (El ) based on civil study, as well as the analyzing of chemical & physical test. On other hand the Satellite image of castle has been analyzed by using photogrammetric & GIS techniques. The result calculated the reflected energy values.
This research has been carried out to determine the distribution of the intensity in the image of object with a Sharp-Edge using coherent illumination. In this research, a special formulas have been derived called the Edge spreads Function (ESF) .This formula is very useful for theoretical and practical studies since it is applicable to system with any kind and amount of aberrations that are present in the optical systems by using pupil function technique. Also optimum balance values for each kind of aberration were determined, these values have been used in programs prepared specially for calculating (ESF) using quick basic programming language with Simpson method for numerical integrals in order to calculate the intensity of different quantities of aberrations such as focus error and spherical aberration (first, Third, fifth – orders) . As well as the effect of Apodization upon the image of sharp Edge object resulting from an optical system operating with a small circular aperture. The main aim of this research is testing the Optical Systems which use Coherent light and make decision of this Systems validity range. we found that using the exit pupil technique is useful to calculate the complex intensity also the analysis capability when using coherent light is better than the incoherent light and the relation between the focus error and the quantity of aberration.
The current study investigated the electrical properties of Cadmium Telluride (CdTe)by using the first principle of density functional theory (DFT). The nanocrystals suggested being varied constantly over the network systematically so that the lowest value for energy is obtained, through which stability is obtained and through this exceptionality, the measurements of the properties are in their exact state. The conduction and the valence bandwidths were also studied. The investigations targeted the “highest occupied molecular orbital” (HOMO) [Ionization Potential], and the “lowest unoccupied molecular orbital” (LUMO) [Electron Affinity]. Total and cohesive energies, the atomic iconicity, electron affinity, energy gap (Eg), and the density of states (DOS) for 8, 16, 54, and 64 atoms. The results showed that the shape of the conduction and valence affect the crystal groups significantly, and the energy gap exhibited very close results to their practical counterparts that were previously conducted. When the lattice constant decreases the modulus of bulk and the waves of sound speed increase with the increase of the core atoms number. Subsequently, the applied pressure increases the Plasmon energy and bulk modulus. The key of study is to inspect if using materials in their nanoscale state gives special physical, electronic and optical properties through which devices are manufactured with high efficiency in the solar cell industry. Where the compound becomes a point of a sleeve, and the fluorescent peak shifts across the visible field to the UV field. This was obtained by controlling the size of the compound in 54 and 64, at which the energy gap showed an increase, which would make it more preferred to stimulate the electron from the valence band to the conduction band.
الإشعاعات المؤينة هي عوامل خطرة في مكان العمل وجميع أشكال الإشعاع المؤين تنتج نوعًا من الإصابات غير القابلة للشفاء. لذلك ، فإن تطبيق الحماية من التعرض للإشعاع المؤين يمكن أن يلعب دورًا مهمًا في صحة العمال. الهدف من هذه الدراسة هو تقييم تطبيق الحماية من الاشعاع بين العاملين في قسم الاشعة في مستشفيات اربيل. المنهجية: أجريت دراسة مقطعية مع ستة مستشفيات (عامة وخاصة) وتم اختيار عينات من 110 عامل عشوائياً من بين 135 عامل إشعاع. تم جمع البيانات من خلال استبيانات منظمة. تم ترميز البيانات التي تم مسحها وإدخالها في برنامج MS Excel. تم تصدير المزيد من البيانات إلى SPSS 18 لتحليلها. تم إجراء التحليل عن طريق توزيعات التردد والجداول المتقاطعة. النتائج: بينت النتائج ان هناك 47 (42.7٪) اناث و 63 (57.3٪) ذكور. الغالبية العظمى من العمال 51 (46.4٪) تتراوح أعمارهم بين 21-30 سنة وحاملي الدبلوم 68 (61.8٪). خضع 49 فقط (44.5٪) للفحص الأولي بينما لم يخضع 47 (42.7٪) للفحص الدوري قط. وفقًا للوائح ICRP للحماية من الإشعاع ، من الضروري للعاملين في مجال الإشعاع ارتداء أجهزة الكشف الشخصية أثناء العمل. لكن الغالبية 89 (80.9٪) لم يتم تزويدها بمثل هذه الأجهزة. وكشفت الدراسة أيضًا أن الغالبية العظمى من العاملين في مجال الإشعاع يعملون أكثر من 40 ساعة في الأسبوع. لم يتم إجراء معايرة جهاز الأشعة السينية والمسح الإشعاعي لمكان العمل بانتظام. 30 عينة فقط ليس لديهم وعي ومعرفة بالإشعاع المؤين بينما قيل أن 95 (86.4٪) ليس لديهم فيزيائي صحي. الخلاصة: من خلال دراسة وتحليل البيانات ، تبين أن الغالبية العظمى من العاملين في مجال الإشعاع في المستشفيات الستة التي زرناها لم يكن لديهم وعي كافٍ بأساس الحماية من الإشعاع ولم يمتثلوا للتوصيات الدولية للحماية من الإشعاع.
Photogrammetric grid is the generation of processing system (which is one of the remote sensing techniques) with efficiency developed based on imaging and computer cluster parallel processing; the new application of photogrammetric technique has been applied on the Castel-Gate of Erbil city. It is a way of analyzing the objects especially for a traditional one "the castle in the ancient city of Erbil". This paper got the analysis of Erbil Castel-Gate structure using visible & IR spectral band analysis for transmission and absorption energy (El ) based on civil study, as well as the analyzing of chemical & physical test. On other hand the Satellite image of castle has been analyzed by using photogrammetric & GIS techniques. The result calculated the reflected energy values.
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