Aim: To evaluate the contribution of a multiplex PCR for respiratory viruses on antibiotic and antiviral prescription, ancillary test prescription, admission and length of stay of patients. Methods: Two hundred ninety-one adult and pediatric patients visiting the emergency department during the 2015-2016 influenza epidemic were prospectively included and immediately tested 24/7 using the FilmArray Respiratory Panel. The results were communicated to the practitioner in charge as soon as they became available. Clinical and biological data were gathered and analyzed. Findings: Results from the FilmArray Respiratory Panel do not appear to impact admission or antibiotic prescription, with the exception of a lower admission rate for children who tested positive for influenza B. Parameters that account for the clinical decisions evaluated are CRP level, white blood cell count, suspected or proven bacterial infection and, for adult patients only, signs of respiratory distress. Length of stay is also not significantly different between patients with a positive and a negative result. A rapid influenza test result permits a more appropriate prescription of oseltamivir.

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A B S T R A C TAim: To compare the performances of molecular and non-molecular tests to diagnose respiratory viral infections and to evaluate the pros and contras of each technique. Methods: Two hundred ninety-nine respiratory samples were prospectively explored using multiplex molecular techniques (FilmArray Respiratory Panel, Clart Pneumovir), immunological techniques (direct fluorescent assay, lateral flow chromatography) and cell cultures. Findings: Molecular techniques permitted the recovery of up to 50% more respiratory pathogens in comparison to non-molecular methods. FilmArray detected at least 30% more pathogens than Clart Pneumovir which could be explained by the differences in their technical designs. The turnaround time under 2 hours for the FilmArray permitted delivery of results when patients were still in the emergency room.⁎ Corresponding author at: LHUB-ULB -Microbiology,

Solobacterium moorei is an anaerobic Gram-positive bacillus present within the oral and the intestinal microbiota that has rarely been described in human infections. Besides its role in halitosis and oral infections, S. moorei is considered to be an opportunistic pathogen causing mainly bloodstream and surgical wound infections. We performed a retrospective study of 27 cases of infections involving S. moorei in two French university hospitals between 2006 and 2021 with the aim of increasing our knowledge of this unrecognized opportunistic pathogen. We also reviewed all the data available in the literature and in genetic and metagenomic sequence databases. In addition to previously reported infections, S. moorei had been isolated from various sites and involved in intra-abdominal, osteoarticular, and cerebral infections more rarely or not previously reported. Although mostly involved in polymicrobial infections, in seven cases, it was the only pathogen recovered. Not included in all mass spectrometry databases, its identification can require 16S rRNA gene sequencing. High susceptibility to antibiotics (apart from rifampicin, moxifloxacin, and clindamycin; 91.3%, 11.8%, and 4.3% of resistant strains, respectively) has been noted. Our global search strategy revealed S. moorei to be human-associated, widely distributed in the human microbiota, including the vaginal and skin microbiota, which may be other sources for infection in addition to the oral and gut microbiota.

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Reflet de la diversité culturelle tunisienne, la darija tunisienne (aussi appelée arabe dialectal) est un ensemble de parlers hétérogènes. Elle est considérée comme inférieure à la variété de prestige qui est l’arabe classique et elle est même dévalorisée par ses propres locuteur·trice·s. Ainsi, son usage est limité aux domaines oraux du quotidien. Signalons d’autre part que chaque tentative de valorisation de la darija, de son intégration dans les médias ou encore dans les milieux scolaires donne lieu à de grands débats des locuteur·trice·s puristes. 
Compte tenu de tous ces facteurs, nous avons essayé de comprendre le fonctionnement des pratiques langagières des étudiant·e·s tunisien·ne·s et élucider les différentes représentations qui lui sont intrinsèques. Nous nous avons également déchiffré le refus affirmé des puristes quant au plurilinguisme des jeunes. Pour terminer, Nous avons essayé de comprendre l’image de cette richesse linguistique aux yeux de ses propres locuteur·trice·s.