Background: Prevention or management of pain is an important objective in root canal treatment. Post-endodontic pain has always been an important concern for patients and clinicians. Informing patients regarding the possibility of postendodontic pain and drug administration for its management can improve their trust in dentists, raise their pain threshold and increase their tendency to seek further dental treatments. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the attitude of Hamadan dentists towards the administration of analgesics for the management of postendodontic pain. Patients and Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in 2011 in Hamadan city, Iran. Data was collected using a questionnaire including demographic information and questions about administration of analgesics for endodontic patients. All participants filled out the questionnaires anonymously. Collected data was analyzed using SPSS version 16.0 and descriptive statistics. Results: Eighty questionnaires were completed by dentists. Most dentists reported to use ibuprofen mostly to alleviate mild to moderate and severe endodontic pain in healthy individuals. Only 42 dentists (52.5%) used intracanal medicaments to relieve pain.
Conclusions:The overall level of knowledge of general dentists in Hamadan city about the prescription of analgesics was satisfactory. Dentists should be aware of the latest advancements in their field and maintain their level of knowledge by regularly participating in continuous education programs and accessing relevant scientific resources.
This paper proposes a new soft switching high step-up DC-DC converter .The proposed converter is a kind of quadratic boost converter with the coupled inductor. The converter provides high step-up voltage gain with proper duty ratio and low switch voltage stress. Additionally, the stored energy in the leakage inductor of the coupled-inductor can be recycled to the output capacitor. In this converter an auxiliary circuit consist of one auxiliary switch and clamp capacitor is used for providing ZVS condition for all switches (switch and an auxiliary switch), and also the main switch is turned off under almost ZVS due to snubber capacitor. Also the proposed convertercontrolled by PWM signal, and so the implementation of control circuit is simple. To confirm the performance of the proposed converter, this converter is simulated by PSPICE.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.