Objectives: Physical activity, one of the most important factors affecting energy metabolism, plays an important role against obesity and being overwight. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, in addition to its role in the differentiation of neurons and synaptic plasticity, has a key role in controlling body weight and energy homeostasis through hypothalamus pathway. Therefore, this study addressed acute and chronic effects of combined training on brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels. It also probed the relationship between brain-derived neurotrophic factors and anthropometric variables including body mass index and fat percentage in overweight young men.Methods: Participants of the study included 20 overweight men aging 20 -25 with a body mass index of 25 -30. Having been selected randomly, they were equally divided into control and experimental groups. Three times of blood samplings were done: before the start of training, after the first session of training (acute), and 48 hours after the end of the 8 week training (chronic). Combined endurance and strength trainings were carried out 3days/week for 8 weeks, as training in the first session started at 50% of intensity and it was progressively increased by 5% each week.Results: There were increases in brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in the training group after both acute and chronic exercise training. However, the concentrations of brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels and anthropometric characteristics of the subjects were not correlated. Conclusions:It seems that brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels are affected by physical activity. An increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factors may result in metabolic and physiological changes within the body and have a protective role against inactivity-related diseases such as obesity.Brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the neural system exerts its biological effects via 2 types of receptors including the pan-neurotropin receptor p75 and the tyrosine kinase receptor B receptor (10). Brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression has been reported in various parts of the human brain including the hippocampus, amygdala, cerebral cortex, cerebellum, septum, and the nucleus of the solitary tract. It also is found in other body tissues such as
Objective: Thepurpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 6 weeks of HIIT training combining nano-curcumin supplement on antioxidant defense and lipid degradation in overweight girls. Materials and Methods: The research method was semiexperimental study. Accordingly, 48 overweight girl students were randomly divided into four groups: training (n=12), training-supplement (n=12), supplement (n=12) and control group (n=12). Supplement groups consumed 80 mg nano-curcumin capsule daily. Training groups performed an exercise protocol of HIIT training with maximum heart rate for 6 weeks (three sessions per week). The control group did not have any regular exercise. Blood samples were obtained before and after training period for antioxidant indicators and lipid degradation measurement. T-test and one-way analysis of variance were used for the evaluation of within-group and between-group differences, respectively. Results: A significant increase was observed in serum levels of Malondialdehyde ( P -value= 0.004) in the training group after 6 weeks. Also, there was a significant increase in serum Glutathione ( P -value= 0.001), Superoxide dismutase ( P -value= 0.006) and Catalase indexes ( P value= 0.01) in the supplement group. Moreover, a significant increase in catalase ( P -value= 0.001), glutathione ( P -value= 0.006), superoxide dismutase ( P -value= 0.015) and glutathione peroxidase indexes ( P value= 0.05) and a significant decrease in malondialdehyde ( P -value= 0.009) were observed in the training supplement group. Conclusion: A positive antioxidant effect was seen, so taking curcumin supplement along with exercises may have beneficial effects on reinforcement the antioxidant system and prevention of lipid peroxidation in overweight individuals.
Objective: Studies have shown that the use of herbal medicines can be effective in prevention and treatment of obesity/overweight and its related disorders. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of nanocurcumin supplementation on anthropometric characteristics, lipid profile and C-reactive Protein (CRP) in overweight girls. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study with pretest/posttest design. The subjects were 24 overweight students with a mean age of 22.48±1.64 years and body mass index (BMI) of 27.53±3.29 kg/m2. After receiving written consent from the subjects, they were randomly divided into two groups of supplement (n=12) and placebo (n=12). Supplement group consumed 80 mg nanocurcumin capsule daily for 6 weeks. Anthropometric indicators (weight, BMI and waist-to-hip ratio) were measured before and after the intervention and blood samples were collected to measure lipid profile parameters (low-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein) and CRP level. Data were analyzed by dependent and independent t-tests. The significance level of the tests was set at P≤0.05. Results: Nanocurcumin supplementation for 6 weeks did not significantly affect the anthropometric indicators, lipid profile parameters and CRP level (P>0.05). Conclusion: It seems that the short-term nancurcumin supplementation cannot significantly affect anthropometric characteristics, lipid profile, and CRP level in overweight girls. Therefore, long-term use and different doses of this supplement are recommended.
Background. The apoptotic inducing factor (AIF) level increases in the brain of patients with diabetic disease. Objectives. This study aimed to investigate whether endurance training could alleviate apoptosis in the cerebellum of diabetic rats. Methods. Twenty rats were randomly allocated in four groups including 1) healthy control, 2) healthy trained, 3) diabetic, and 4) diabetic trained groups. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection a single dose of Streptozotocin (45 mg/kg). Training programs on the treadmill were performed at moderate intensity 5 days a week for 6 weeks. The activities apoptotic inducing factor was analyzed in cerebellum of animals at the end of experiment by ELISA method. Results. Our results showed that following six weeks endurance exercise training decreased cytosolic release of apoptotic inducing factor (AIF) in cerebellum of diabetic rats. Conclusion. Our results confirmed that endurance training may be improves brain functions. Understanding mechanisms of exercise on brain functions may lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative disorders such as type 1 diabetes.
Background and Aim: Despite the positive effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT), these training cause oxidative stress due to high intensity. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 6 weeks of HIIT training by using Nano-Curcumin supplement on total antioxidant capacity and Malondialdehyde level in overweight girls. Materials and Methods: The present study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design. Accordingly 48 overweight girl students with average age (21.78 ± 0.94 years) and BMI (28.12±2.1 Kg/m 2) were entered randomly and equal divided into four groups: training group (n=12), training-supplement (n=12), supplement (n=12) and control group (n=12). Supplemental groups consumed an 80 mg capsule of Nano-Curcumin daily. Training groups, three sessions per week for 6 weeks performed HIIT exercises with 85 to 95% of maximum heart rate. Before and after training and consumption the supplementation, Blood samples were obtained to measure Malondialdehyde indices and total antioxidant capacity. Results: In the present study, there was a significant decrease in Malondialdehyde levels (P = 0.009) and a significant increase in total antioxidant capacity (P=0.01) in the training-supplement group while levels of Malondialdehyde increased significantly (P = 0.004) in the training group. Conclusion: It seems, intense HIIT training causes oxidative stress in overweight people, concomitant use of the supplement may possibly improve the total antioxidant capacity in overweight people.
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