The aim of this study is to investigate the demand characteristics of household consumption of food-away-from-home (FAFH) with a focus on the role of education of household head in Nigeria. Using 2003/2004 Nigeria Living Standard Survey (NLSS) data, we employ the Cragg’s Double-Hurdle (DH) model, which estimate jointly, households’ decisions to consume FAFH and how much to spend on FAFH or the demand for FAFH. The empirical results show that education of household head decreases the demand and probability of consuming FAFH, while household income and households with younger age cohorts increase the demand and probability of consuming FAFH in the study. The findings also reveal that education reduces the demand for FAFH for the wealthier households twice as much as it does for the poorer households.
The study examined the effect of market access on the adoption of sustainable soil management practices by farmers in the study area. Specifically, the study described the socio-economic characteristics of the farmers; identified the sustainable soil management practices adopted by the farmers; determined factors influencing the choice of sustainable soil management practices used; determined the relationship between market access and the adoption intensity of sustainable soil management practices and identified constraints faced in adopting sustainable soil management practices. Multistage sampling procedure was employed to collect data from one hundred and fifty (150) farmers. Thereafter, data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate probit regression. The findings revealed that the mean age of the respondents was 45 years, with a mean household size of about 6 members. Majority (69.6%) of the respondents had formal education and a mean year of experience of about 18. The study also revealed that all the respondents had access to one form of market or the other for purchase of inputs and sales of their products. In addition, the mean distance covered from farm to home was less than 5 kilometres for most of the respondents while the distance from home to major market and farm to major market was between 5 and 10 kilometres. The most popular sustainable soil management practices adopted by the farmers were the use of chemical fertilizers, crop rotation and intercropping. Furthermore, the multivariate probit regression model showed that age of the respondents, educational level, farm size, household size, farming experience, farm income, awareness of sustainable soil management practices, average distance to the input market, average distance to the output market, average price of product, average price of input for each practice, subsidies on input for each practice, significantly influenced the adoption of sustainable soil management practice by farmers. Also, it was found by the study that inadequate fund is the major constraint faced by the respondents in adopting sustainable soil management practices.
The study examined the factors affecting mushroom production in three states, namely, Ondo, Osun and Oyo randomly selected in Southwest of Nigeria. The sample size of twenty fi ve mushroom producers was used for the study and this comprised all the mushroom growers in the southwest, Nigeria. The mushroom growers include two institutions and 23 individuals. The two institutions constitute (8%) while individual farms were made up of males (60%) and females (32%). The study revealed that 44% of the respondents were between 26 and 35 years of age, while 20% were between 46 and 50 years of age. It was found that 64% of the growers were married while 28% were single. The household size composition showed that 56% were between 1 and 5 while 36% were between 6 and 10. Only 36% and 32% of the respondents were found to consider taboos and other cultural beliefs, respectively, as important factors in their decision to grow mushrooms. Signifi cant relationship was found to exist between household size, information on mushroom production, cultural beliefs, storage and output size of mushrooms. With a gross margin of 4,129,000 Nigerian Naira (N) ($32,769.84) mushroom production was considered to be profi table. It was recommended that extension service should be stepped up to reach the rural dwellers with the message of mushroom production while equally educating the people on the source of input and production strategies.
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