We designed a randomized, rater blind study to assess the efficacy of EEG Biofeedback (Neurofeedback-NFB) in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). Eighteen patients received twenty sessions of NFB-sensory motor rhythm (SMR) treatment (NFB group) during 4 weeks, and eighteen patients were given 10 mg per day escitalopram treatment (control group) for 8 weeks. Visual Analog Scales for pain and fatigue, Hamilton and Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventory Scales, Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire and Short Form 36 were used as outcome measures which were applied at baseline and 2nd, 4th, 8th, 16th, 24th weeks. Mean amplitudes of EEG rhythms (delta, theta, alpha, SMR, beta1 and beta2) and theta/SMR ratio were also measured in NFB group. All post-treatment measurements showed significant improvements in both of the groups (for all parameters p < 0.05). NFB group displayed greater benefits than controls (for all parameters p < 0.05). Therapeutic efficacy of NFB was found to begin at 2nd week and reached to a maximum effect at 4th week. On the other hand, the improvements in SSRI treatment were also detected to begin at 2nd week but reached to a maximum effect at 8th week. No statistically significant changes were noted regarding mean amplitudes of EEG rhythms (p > 0.05 for all). However, theta/SMR ratio showed a significant decrease at 4th week compared to baseline in the NFB group (p < 0.05). These data support the efficacy of NFB as a treatment for pain, psychological symptoms and impaired quality of life associated with fibromyalgia.
Contrary to popular knowledge, back pain is quite frequently seen in children. While very rare in the pre-school age group, frequency reaches 30% in the adolescent period. In many cases, the causes of back pain in childhood cannot be exactly determined and the pain disappears by itself in a short time. It should be remembered that back pain that persists for more than two weeks may be associated with organic causes. Whether or not there have been disruptions in neurological functions should be definitely probed in the medical history. Keeping in mind that back pain could be a part of a systemic disease, a systemic examination should be carried out in cases where there has been long-term back pain. The complaint of childhood back pain should be assessed with a thorough history, a careful physical examination and advanced testing tools. [TAF Prev Med Bull 2011; 10(1.000): 115-118
Background MPS which is characterized by trigger points in muscles is the most common cause of musculoskeletal disorders. Trigger points are commonly located in upper trapezius, scalenus, sternocleidomastoid, levator scapula and quadratus lumborum muscles. Objectives In our study, we searched for whether rESWT treatment is as effective as local anesthetic (prilocain) injection or not in upper trapezius trigger point treatment. Methods Randomized, controlled, single-blind this study, included 64 patients who had trigger point in upper trapezius muscle and diagnosis of MPS. Patients are randomly divided into two study groups. In first group (injection group), we injected 2 ml of local anaesthetic substance (prilocaine). In second group (rESWT group), we applied 3 sessions of rESWT once a week. Trigger point and control trigger point evaluation was done by algometer, pain degree evaluated by Likert Pain Scale and VAS, psychosocial effects of pain evaluated by BDI, BAI, NHP parameters in both groups. Evaluations are done before treatment, 1st and 3rd months of after treatment for both groups. Results At baseline, there were no difference between groups in demographic and clinical features of patients except for VAS effects of neck pain in work (p=0.044) Within group analysis shows statistically important difference in all parameters in both 1st and 3rd month evaluations of injection group in respect of before treatment evaluations (for all other parameters p<0.05) except for 3rd month NHP social isolation parameter (p= 0.079). However, except for VAS neck pain effect on work (p=0.028), there were no statistically important difference between 1st and 3rd month evalutions (for all other parameters p>0.05). Within group analysis in rESWT group shows statistically important difference in both 1st and 3rd month evaluations in respect of before treatment evaluations except for NHP social isolation (in order of p=0.095 and p=0.100) and NHP physical mobility (in order of p=0.070 and p=0.147) (for all other parameters p<0.05). Moreover, there were not any statistically important difference, when we compare 1st and 3rd month evaluations in rESWT group (for all parameters p>0.05). In evaluations of 1st month after treatment, there were also no statistically important difference in trigger and control point measurements (p=0.240, p=0.143), Likert Pain Scale (p=0.735), VAS (for all parameteres p>0.05), NSP (for all parameteres p>0.05), BDI (p=0.808) and BAI (p=0.499), in between group analyses. In evaluations of 3rd month after treatment, except for VAS effects of pain on mood (p=0.019) and BAI (p=0.024) in favor of rESWT group, between group analysis show no statistically important difference (for all other parameters p>0.05). Conclusions This study shows rESWT is a treatment modality which as effective as local anesthetic injection in patients who have upper trapezius muscle trigger point. References Ji HM, Kim HJ, Han SJ. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy in myofascial pain syndrome of upper trapezius. Ann Rehabil M...
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