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We report a side group modification strategy to tailor the structure of a polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-1). PIM-1 with an average of ∼50% of the repeat units converted to tetrazole is prepared, and a subsequent reaction then introduces three types of pseudo-ionic liquid tetrazole-like structures (PIM-1-IL x ). The presence of pseudo-ionic liquid functional groups in the PIM-1 structure increases gas selectivities for O 2 /N 2 and CO 2 /N 2 , while it decreases pure-gas permeabilities. The overall gas separation performance of PIM-1-IL x is close to the 2008 Robeson upper bound. Since the tetrazoles are versatile groups for building a wide variety of ionic liquids, the modification method can be expanded to explore a broad spectrum of functional groups.