ku, Nag0 ya 464-
01, JapanThe regioselectivity of Nand C-3( p) -alkylations of indolylmetal salts was studied under various conditions. The effect of counter metal ion is crucial in determining the regioselectivity. In tetrahydrofuran, exclusive N-alkylation occurred with the potassium salt, but the extent of C-3-alkylation increased with the sodium and lithium salts and became predominant with the magnesium bromide salt. However, N-alkylation was favoured generally in more polar solvents and for alkyl toluene-psulphonates it was favoured even with magnesium bromide salts. The reactivity and regioselectivity of the alkylations were correlated with the calculated electron density of the indolyl anion and with I3C n.m.r. chemical shifts of the metal salts.
Benzil (22) and Vinyl Phenyl Ketone (24). By use of the same procedure, the hydrolyses of 21 (161 mg, 0.4 mmol) and 23 (114 mg, 0.5 mmol) were carried out to give 22: [45 mg (53% yield); mp 92-93 °C (lit.14 mp 93-95 °C)] and 24: 42 mg (64% yield); bp 98-100 °C (10 mmHg) [lit.16 bp 114-115 °C (17 mmHg)].
The cross-coupling reactions of 2-(1,3-butadienyl)magnesium chloride (1) with aryl and alkyl iodides were investigated in the presence of transition metal catalysts. Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) catalyzes the cross-coupling reactions of 1 with aryl iodides, and copper (I) iodide catalyzes the reaction with alkyl iodides. These cross-coupling reactions offer convenient routes for the synthesis of 2-substituted 1,3-butadienes.
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