Abstract2-Amino-5-(3’-indolomethylene)-1, 3 , 4 - oxadiazole (3) undergoes facile condensation with various aromatic aldehydes to gave 2-substitiuted arylidenylamino-5-(3’- indolomethylene) – 1, 3 , 4 – oxadiazole (4–8). Cyclocondensation of (4–8) with thioglycolic acid and triethylamine yielded 3-[5’-(3”- indolomethylene)- 1’, 3’, 4’- oxadiazol-2’-yl]- 2- (substituted aryl)-4- thiazolidinones (9–13) and 1-[5’-(3”- indolomethylene) -1’, 3’, 4’- oxadiazol - 2’- yl ] -4-(substituted aryl) -2- azetidinones (14–18). The structures of these compounds were established on the basis of analytical and spectral data. The newly synthesised compounds were evaluated for their anticonvulsant activity and acute toxicity.
Bilateral stimulation of the auditory system has clear advantages over unilateral hearing. Hearing-impaired children are, therefore, generally fitted with hearing aids in both ears so that they can have the benefits of binaural hearing. Children who use acochlear implant in one ear and no acoustic stimulation in the opposite ear are at a definite disadvantage. This study was undertaken to determine the advantages of bimodal stimulation in pediatric population especially in terms of speech recognition. This study comprised of 30 children between 3 and 6 years of age with profound bilateral sensorineural hearing loss with cochlear implant in one ear and fitted with digital hearing aid in non-implanted ear. Speech recognition performance was compared in unilateral cochlear implant only and with bimodal hearing stimulation in the same set of children. A statistically significant difference was found between speech reception scores in children with a unilateral cochlear implant only and those with a cochlear implant in one ear and a hearing aid in the non implanted ear in quiet surroundings. It is suggested that the use of bimodal fitting be considered as an effective management method to obtain the advantage of binaural hearing in children who undergo unilateral cochlear implantation.
To identify vestibular dysfunction in children after cochlear implant surgery and to study the utility of static posturography in evaluating vestibular function in children. A prospective study was carried out on 25 children between 2 and 7 years of age with sensorineural hearing loss with no overt vestibular dysfunction. All children underwent static posturography using Synapsis Posturographic System (SPS) software (Version 3.0, REV C) using a static platform with foam. The centre of pressure (COP) shift was recorded as statokinesiogram on the software and the mean vestibular, visual and somesthetic scores were obtained. Cochlear implantation (CI) surgery was done with insertion of Med-El Pulsar standard cochlear implant with 12 twin electrodes. Children were evaluated again after 4 weeks of CI surgery (2 weeks after switch on) with static posturography on the same SPS software. The scores obtained were compared with pre op value and data analyzed statistically by paired t tests on SPSS 18 software. The mean age was 4.6 years with range 2-7 years. All the children in the study were able to complete the test with no difficulty and the mean time required for each child was 10.2 min. The mean pre op somesthetic score was 95.16 (SD 1.52) and post op score was 94.06 (SD 1.79). The mean pre op visual score was 86.64 (SD 2.24) and post op score was 82.55 (2.89). The mean pre op vestibular score was 84.11 (SD 2.20) and post op score was 73.66 (SD 4.25). Correlation and statistical analysis of the pre and post values of each score revealed statistically significant reduction in vestibular scores post CI. The vestibular system is at high risk of injury leading to vestibular dysfunction in children during CI. Our study found the static posturography as a simple, fast and efficient tool to screen children for vestibular dysfunction post CI. Identifying the dysfunction early can help in initiating early rehabilitation measures.
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