Due to the one-of-a-kind and one-of-a-kind qualities that it possesses, graphene is an appealing soft substance that may be utilized in a variety of applications. This review focuses on two significant issues that need to be resolved to make use of the notable properties of nanostructures based on graphene: The creation of graphenebased nanostructures with various well-defined structural variations is the initial of these problems, and effectively utilizing graphene-based nanoparticles as functional nanostructures in important idea or technologies is the second of these problems. Before the distinctive qualities of graphene-based nanoparticles can be completely exploited, each of these challenges must be resolved. In this critical analysis from the chemical and nanomaterials viewpoints, we provide a quick summary of recent significant developments in the creation of graphene-based nanomaterials. In this study, we also cover the synthesis, characterization, and applications of graphene nanomaterials in the disciplines of both energy and environmental pollution rehabilitation, including solar cells, lithium-ion batteries, supercapacitors, and the adsorption and degradation of pollutants from huge quantities of the aqueous medium. There is also a discussion of the most significant challenges and opportunities in the research materials.
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