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While these findings may suggest a "healthier" population in more remote locations, they alternatively point to a general pattern of under-diagnosis, potentially due to poor health care access, as is typical in more remote locations.

Using data from the 2006 Census, this study examines the socio-economic characteristics of First Nations and non-Aboriginal teenage mothers, and compares these to those of non-teenage mothers in a cohort of women aged 25 to 29 years old. Results indicated that First Nations women were more likely than non-Aboriginal women to be teenage mothers. In general, teenage mothers were less likely to have graduated high school, more likely to live in overcrowded housing, and in a home in need of major repair. Furthermore, teenage mothers had lower household incomes after adjusting for the composition the household. Characteristics also differed significantly between First Nations and non-Aboriginal women, as well as between Registered Indian women living on- and off-reserve.

Using the 2006 Aboriginal Peoples Survey, this study investigates factors associated with school success (as perceived by parents) among off-reserve Registered Indian children aged 6 to 14 in Canada. Holding other factors constant, Registered Indian children were more likely to be doing well at school if they were living in households with high income, were living in adequately maintained dwellings, or spoke an Aboriginal language at home. Boys and older children, on the other hand, were less likely to be doing well at school, as were children who were living in larger households, experienced food insecurity, or had parents who attended residential school. Mediation analyses revealed that the negative intergenerational effect of parental residential schooling on children's school success was partially attributable to household characteristics or economic status. Indeed, former residential school attendees were found to be more likely to live in households with a lower income, live in larger households, and report that their family had experienced food insecurity. These characteristics were, in turn, found to be negatively associated with children's school success.

Objective To compare mortality patterns for urban Aboriginal adults with those of urban non-Aboriginal adults. Methods Using the 1991–2001 Canadian census mortality follow-up study, our study tracked mortality to December 31, 2001, among a 15% sample of adults, including 16 300 Aboriginal and 2 062 700 non-Aboriginal persons residing in urban areas on June 4, 1991. The Aboriginal population was defined by ethnic origin (ancestry), Registered Indian status and/or membership in an Indian band or First Nation, since the 1991 census did not collect information on Aboriginal identity. Results Compared to urban non-Aboriginal men and women, remaining life expectancy at age 25 years was 4.7 years and 6.5 years shorter for urban Aboriginal men and women, respectively. Mortality rate ratios for urban Aboriginal men and women were particularly elevated for alcohol-related deaths, motor vehicle accidents and infectious diseases, including HIV/AIDS. For most causes of death, urban Aboriginal adults had higher mortality rates compared to other urban residents. Socio-economic status played an important role in explaining these disparities. Conclusion Results from this study help fill a data gap on mortality information of urban Aboriginal people of Canada.

À défaut de pouvoir identifier spécifiquement les Inuit dans les statistiques de l’état civil à l’échelle du Canada, il est possible au moyen d’une approche géographique de produire une analyse démographique de la mortalité au sein des collectivités inuites du Canada. Nous avons ainsi estimé la mortalité par suicide dans les quatre régions du Canada où sont localisées les collectivités inuites, soit le Nunavut, le Nunavik (Nord du Québec), le Nunatsiavut (Labrador) et la région des Inuvialuit (Territoires du Nord-Ouest) pour les périodes 1989-1993, 1994-1998 et 1999-2003. L’analyse révèle des taux de suicide de 6 à 11 fois plus élevés dans l’ensemble des régions inuites, d’importantes variations des taux d’une région inuite à l’autre et une augmentation marquée des taux lors de la dernière période analysée. Les taux estimés de suicide ont été jumelés au recensement de la population du Canada de 2001 ainsi qu’à l’Enquête auprès des peuples autochtones de 2001 de Statistique Canada afin de cerner certains facteurs explicatifs.In absence of Inuit specific data in vital statistics in Canada, one can rely on a geographical approach to produce a demographic analysis of mortality in Inuit communities in Canada. In this way we have estimated suicide mortality in the four regions of Canada where Inuit communities are located : Nunavut, Nunavik (North of Quebec), Nunatsiavut (Labrador) and the Inuvialuit region (North West Territories) for the periods 1989-1993, 1994-1998 and 1999-2003. The analysis reveals suicide rates 6 to 11 times higher in the Inuit regions as a whole, wide variations in rates between one Inuit region and another, and a sharp rise in rates during the most recent period analysed. The estimated suicide rates have been matched with the 2001 Canadian Census and the 2001 Aboriginal Peoples Survey produced by Statistics Canada, in order to identify some explanatory factors

OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the effectiveness of an annual public health intervention in a managed care setting. METHODS: Managed care organization members 65 years and older who received influenza immunization in 1996 were randomized to an intervention group (mailed a postcard reminder to receive an influenza vaccination in 1997) or a control group (no postcard). Vaccination rates for both groups were assessed monthly. RESULTS: Members receiving the intervention were no more likely to be immunized (78.6%) than members of the control group (77.2%, P = .222). Members were vaccinated at the same pace regardless of vaccination history and postcard intervention status. CONCLUSIONS: Postcard reminders were not an effective intervention among seniors who had been vaccinated the previous year.

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