Chromium-D-phenylalanine [Cr(D-phe)] is known to be anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant complex. Our preliminary work reveals the beneficial effect of Cr(D-phe) in indomethacin-induced enterocolitis. The present work was intended to explore the effect of Cr(D-phe) in acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats. Further, molecular docking simulation experiments were performed. Colitis was induced through intra-rectal instillation of acetic acid (3% v/v) and the effectiveness of Cr(D-phe)(30, 60 and 90 μg/kg) and sulphasalazine was measured using clinical, macroscopic, biochemical, contractility and histopathological studies. In addition, drug likeliness, molecular docking and dynamic studies of Cr(D-phe) and sulphasalazine with NF-kappa B (1NFK) were carried out. Pretreatment of different doses of Cr(D-phe)showed significant reduction (P<0.01; P<0.001) in clinical, macroscopic score, oxidative stress and elevated biochemical parameters. Protective nature of Cr(D-phe)was further confirmed by histopathological examination and colonic contractility studies. In silico studies reveals that Cr(D-phe)exhibited better docking score (-14.121) compared to sulphasalazine (-5.654). Dug likeliness studies showed that Cr(D-phe)passes lipinski’s rule and exhibited better bioavailability properties with negligible hepatotoxicity compared to standard. Molecular dynamic studies reveal that Cr(D-phe)showed better stability compared to standard compound, while interacting with 1NFK for 10 ns. The observed beneficial activity of Cr(D-phe)could be due to its anti-oxidative and anti-inflammation by preventing NF-kB activity.
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